英語（英文：English）是一種西日耳曼語支，最早被中世紀的英國使用，并因其廣闊的殖民地而成為世界使用面積最廣的語言。英國人的祖先盎格魯部落是后來遷移到大不列顛島地區的日耳曼部落之一，稱為英格蘭。這兩個名字都來自波羅的海半島的Anglia， 以下是為大家整理的關于英文版情書3篇 , 供大家參考選擇。
英文版情書3篇
【篇一】英文版情書
葉芝《當你老了》英文版情書翻譯
葉芝的詩《當你老了》是寫給他愛慕的革命家毛德·崗（Maud Gonne），想象著多年后毛德看到這首詩的情景，非常的詩情畫意。 When You are Old by William Butler Yeats （1865-1939） When you are old and gray and full of sleep,And nodding by the fire, take down this book,And slowly read, and dream of the soft look,Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;How many loved your moments of glad grace,And loved your beauty with love false or true,But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,And loved the sorrows of your changing face;And bending down beside the glowing bars,Murmur, a little sadly, how Love fled, And paced upon the mountains overhead, And hid his face among a crowd of stars. 當你老了 威廉·巴特勒·葉芝 鄒仲之譯 當你老了，頭發白了，睡意昏昏， 偎著爐火打著盹，取下這本書， 慢慢讀，夢中回到過去， 過去你的眼眸溫柔，眼神深沉； 你的愉快優雅叫多少人愛慕， 他們愛你的美貌那愛有假有真， 唯獨一個人愛你朝圣者的靈魂， 也愛你滄桑面容蘊含的凄楚； 爐火熊熊，你佝僂著身軀， 一縷哀愁，幾聲絮語，愛你的人去了， 他走行在高高的山崗， 漫天星辰隱藏他的臉龐。
【篇二】英文版情書
TWO-DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS INPOLARCOORDINATES 111
The moment of all the external forces with respect to 0, from Fig. 74, is
as this moment must be zero for a system in equilibrium, we conclude thatthe shearing forces (m)are zero. The force obtained by summation of the stresses(k), proportional to thevectorial sum of the external forces, is also zero for a systemin equilibrium.Hence it is only necessary to applyat the boundary of thedisk a uniform compression (L)in order to maintain the simple radial distributions.If the boundary is free from uniform compression, thestress at any point of the disk is obtained by super-posing a uniform tension of magnitude
on the simple radial distributions.
By using thisgeneral method, variousother casesstress distribution in disks can easilybe solved.lmay select, for instance, the casethe disk (Fig.75)，balanced by a of a couple actingcouple applied at thecenter of the disk. Assuming two equal radial stressdistributions at A and B,(l) and the summation of (k)we see that, in this caseare zero and only shearingforces (m) need be applied at the boundary in order tomaintain thefrom (m), issimple radial stress distributions. The intensity of these forces
(n)
whereword/media/image5.gifis the moment of the couple. To free the boundary of the disk from shearing forces and transfer the couple balancing the pair of forces P from thecircumference of the disk to its center, it is necessary to superpose on the simpleradial distributions the stresses of the case shown in Fig. 75b. These latterstresses, produced by pure circumferential shear, can easily be calculated if weobserve that for each concentric circle of radius r the shearing stresses must give acouple Mi. Hence,
word/media/image6.gifword/media/image7.gif (p)
These stresses may also be derived from thegeneralequations (38) by taking as the stress function
word/media/image8.gif (q)
from which
word/media/image9.gifword/media/image7.gif
Several interesting examples are discussed by J. H. Michell,Ioc. rit.
112 THEORY OF ELASTICITY
38. Force at a Point of an Infinite Plate. If a force P acts in the middle plane of an infinite plate (Fig. 76a),the stress distribution can easily be obtained by superposition of systems which we have alreadydiscussed. We cannot, however, construct a solution by simple superposition of two solutions for a semi-infinite plate as shown in Figs. 76b and 76c. Although the vertical displacements are the same in boththese cases, the horizontal displacements along the straight boundariesare different. While in the case 76b this displacement is away from
the point 0, in the case 76c it is toward the point O. The magnitudes of these displacements in both case, from Eq. (71), is
word/media/image11.gif (a)
This difference in the horizontal displacements may be eliminated by combining the cases 76b and 76c with the cases 76e in which shearing forces act along the straight boundaries. The displacementsfor these latter cases can be obtained from the problem of bending of acurved bar, shown in Fig. 46.Makingthe inner radius of this barapproach zero and the outer radius increase indefinitely, we arrive atthe case of a semi-infinite plate. The displacement along the straightboundary of this plate in the direction of the shearing force acting onthe boundary is, from Eq. (61),
word/media/image12.gif (b)
The constant of integration D must now be adjusted so as to make thedisplacement resulting from (a) and (b) vanish. Then
word/media/image13.gifword/media/image14.gif (c)
With this adjustment the result of superposing cases 76b, 76c, 76d, and76e is an infinite plate loaded at a point, Fig. 76a.
The stress distribution in the plate is now easily obtained by super-posing the stresses in a semi-infinite plate produced by a normal loadP/2 at the boundary (see Art. 33) on the stresses in the curved bar containing the constant of integration D. Observing the difference inmeasuring the angle B in Figs. 46 and 76 and using Eqs. (60), thestresses in the curved bar are, for B as in Fig. 76,
word/media/image15.gif
word/media/image16.gif
word/media/image17.gif
Combining this with stresses (66) calculated for the load P/2, we obtainthe following stress distribution in the infinite plate:
word/media/image18.gif
word/media/image19.gif (76)
word/media/image20.gif
By cutting out from the plate at the point 0 (Fig.76a) a small elementbounded by a cylindrical surface of radiusr, andprojecting the forcesacting on the cylindrical boundary of the elementon the x- and y-axes, we find
word/media/image21.gif
word/media/image22.gif
114THEORY OF ELASTICITY
i.e，the forces acting on the boundary of thecylindrical element represent the load P applied at the point 0.By using Eqs. (13) the stresscomponents, in Cartesiancoordinates,are found from Eqs. (76):
word/media/image23.gif
word/media/image24.gif (77)
word/media/image25.gif
From solution (77), forone concentrated force, solutions for other
kinds of loading can beobtained by superposition. Take, for instance, the case shownin Fig. 77, in which two equaland oppositeforces acting on an infinite plate are applied attwo points O and word/media/image27.gif a very distance apart. The stress at any point M is obtained by superposing on the stress produced by the force atword/media/image28.gif . Considering, for instance ,an element at M perpendicular to the x-axis and denoting byword/media/image29.gif, the normal stressword/media/image30.gif producedon the element by the force in the figure is
word/media/image31.gif
Thus thestress components for the case of Fig. 77 are obtained fromEqs. (77) by differentiation.In this manner we find
word/media/image32.gif
word/media/image33.gif
word/media/image34.gif
It can be seen that the stress components decrease rapidly, as r increases are negligible when r is large is comparison withword/media/image35.gif. Such a result is to be expected in accordance with Saint-Venant"sprinciple if we have two forces in equilibrium applied very near to each other.By superposing two stress distributions such as given by Eqs.
【篇三】英文版情書
經典英語影視欣賞課程論文
My Review on: The Butterfly Effect
學號:XXXXXXXXXX
姓名:XXXXXX
院系:XXXXXXXXXXXX
Choice
We enjoyed a Movie The Butterfly Effect. I have to say, it brings me not only a strong visual effect, but also a feeling of soul shock.
Let me introduce this film. The hero Evan, just like his father, has a super power that enables him to return to the past and reselect to change the current situation. In order to get ideal results, he returns to the past again and again with the help of his diary, and he changes what happened in the past. However, it turns out that the result becomes even worse instead. Through reading the diary, he recalls the love for Kelly, but Kelly commits suicide because of misunderstanding; they become happy lovers, but Evan accidentally kills her brother; Lenny rescues his dog, but it makes Lenny kills Tommy and he is sent to a mental hospital because of his mental pressure. Due to the guilty, Kelly also degenerates into a freaky prostitute; In order to save Mrs. Semple and her children, Evan becomes disabled. Lenny and Kelly turn out to be happy lovers. When Evan is about to commit suicide, Lenny rescues him. But he finds that his mother is in danger... He goes back to the past, hoping to have a happy ending for everyone. Unfortunately, the outcome just gets worse. In the end, he decides not to become friends with Kelly at the first place. They just miss each other in the boundless crowds, and their memory is like two parallel lines without intersection.
In the end, although I take a sip of sadness — the two people who are meant to be in love become strangers. But this is also a good ending, isn’t it? Instead of pushing his lover towards fatal tragedy, he would rather never meet her. He keeps returning to the past hoping to improve people’s life, but the outcome becomes even worse. At this point, I suddenly feel that people is so tiny in front of fate. The film tells me that we can not attempt to change the fate and we should know the fact that a slight move in one part may affect the whole situation.
Do not delusion to change the past,any detail of the change will cause radical changes in the future, of course, that is never the result you want. In real life, we often regret — regret what we said; regret who we missed; regret what we’ve done…We also want to try our best to change those things we regret, but we can not change and we don’t have the ability either. However, Evan has this ability what we all dream of. Indeed, he changes the fate of the others successfully according to his intention, but it leads to different tragedies. Can we really go back to the past to change what has happened? The answer is obvious. In our life, some people live under the shadow of the past full of regret or guilty. They waste their time to regret, to complain. However, they never realize that the future is created by themselves. Then, what can we do? I believe the answer is this: First, we should choose carefully and do not give yourself the chance to regret. Second, even if you think that the choice was wrong, you should continue to go forward. Finally, we should face reality bravely, and be responsible for our choices.
After watching this film, I have a lot of thoughts and feeling. But what gives me deepest feeling is that believing every road you choose. We should believe that "I believe sun will shine after the storm, and so does the rainbow" forever. (Mavis Hee 1996)
About the Butterfly Effect : Chaos theory and the sensitive dependence on initial conditions was described in the literature in a particular case of the three-body problem by Henri Poincaré in 1890. He later proposed that such phenomena could be common, for example, in meteorology.
In 1898, Jacques Hadamard noted general divergence of trajectories in spaces of negative curvature. Pierre Duhem discussed the possible general significance of this in 1908.The idea that one butterfly could eventually have a far-reaching ripple effect on subsequent historic events first appears in "A Sound of Thunder", a 1952 short story by Ray Bradbury about time travel.
In 1961, Lorenz was using a numerical computer model to rerun a weather prediction, when, as a shortcut on a number in the sequence, he entered the decimal .506 instead of entering the full .506127. The result was a completely different weather scenario.In 1963 Lorenz published a theoretical study of this effect in a well-known paper called Deterministic Nonperiodic Flow.Elsewhere he said[citation needed] that "One meteorologist remarked that if the theory were correct, one flap of a seagull"s wings could change the course of weather forever." Following suggestions from colleagues, in later speeches and papers Lorenz used the more poetic butterfly. According to Lorenz, when he failed to provide a title for a talk he was to present at the 139th meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1972, Philip Merilees concocted Does the flap of a butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas? as a title. Although a butterfly flapping its wings has remained constant in the expression of this concept, the location of the butterfly, the consequences, and the location of the consequences have varied widely.
The phrase refers to the idea that a butterfly"s wings might create tiny changes in the atmosphere that may ultimately alter the path of a tornado or delay, accelerate or even prevent the occurrence of a tornado in another location. Note that the butterfly does not power or directly create the tornado. The flap of the wings is a part of the initial conditions; one set of conditions leads to a tornado while the other set of conditions doesn"t. The flapping wing represents a small change in the initial condition of the system, which causes a chain of events leading to large-scale alterations of events (compare: domino effect). Had the butterfly not flapped its wings, the trajectory of the system might have been vastly different - it"s possible that the set of conditions without the butterfly flapping its wings is the set that leads to a tornado.(quoted in Wikipedia 2012:1)
Bibliography
Mavis,Hee.陽光總在風雨后[Z].臺灣上華國際,1996.
Butterfly effect[OL]. Wikipedia. Retrieved 29 Nov. 2012.
