高一的英語8篇

高一的英語8篇

高一的英語(1)

高一英語作文：My New House

I live in a new house now .There are three bedrooms, two bathrooms, a study, a kitchen, a dining-room and a large sitting-room. There’ a desk beside my bed. On the bed, there are some toys.
There’s a map of the world on the wall. There’s telephone between the map and the bed .There’s a garden near my house. It’s a small one, but there are a lot of flowers and trees. In it there are some swings and there’s a slide, too, sometimes I go and play there.

高一的英語(2)

徐州市中等專業學校2014---2015學年度第一學期期中考試

學科 高一年級英語試卷 2014.11.3

系 班級 ________ 姓名________ 得分

I. Vocabulary: choose the correct meaning of the following words and expressions. (詞匯知識：選擇正確的漢語釋義，每題2分）30%

1. eating habits A. 越來越

2. in early spring B. 變胖

3. course C. 早春

4. at heart D. 諸如

5. get fat E. 瑜伽

6. yoga F. 整個夏天

7. a sight to see G. 在實訓中心

8. special H. 飲食

9. more and more I. 內心里

10. all summer long J. 特色菜，特價菜；特別的

11. save up K. 課程

12. such as L. 存錢

13. in the training center M. 一個非凡的景象

14. go to the gym N. 去健身

15. worth every penny O. 錢花的很值

Ⅱ.Choose a proper word or expression to fill in the blank of each sentence, write down the letter in the answer sheet. (選詞填空，只寫字母號，每題2分) 20%

16. We go out on holidays.

17. I bought a new house with a fine of the city.

18. Are you a cat or a dog ?

19. Thank you for giving me another to try.

20. His speech is so that some students are falling asleep.

21. My bother spends 50 of his salary on the rent.

22. These children are about the game. They’re playing it every day.

23. How much is the painting ?　　　　　　　　　

24. The city has a poor system. There are not enough buses.

25. Could you help me the picture on the wall?

Ⅲ. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. (選擇填空，每題1分) 20%

26. _______ Mrs. Lee and Mr. Smith your teachers?

A. Is B. Are C. Am D. Be

27. _______ his phone number 0516-*******?

A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does

28. ________ Mary living on Lakeside Road?

A. Are B．Is C. Do D. Does

29. He is reading a book _____ stars.

A. about B. with C. to D. in　

30. ______ Jenny know we are at school?

A. Do B. Does C. Is D. is going

31. _____ eggs out of the water and let them cool off.

A. Took B. Taking C. Take D. Taken

32. — I"d like to eat chicken and potatoes. _____?

— I"ll have some cabbage and fish.

A. What"s the matter with you? B. What happened?

C. What"s the problem? D. What would you like to eat?

33. _____ water do you drink every day?.

A. How much B. How many C. How about D. How often

34. _____ people visit this museum every day.

A. Thousand of? B. Thousands of

C. Two thousands D. Two thousand of

35. I have _____to do, but he is looking for_____now.

A.?several job, a work B.?many works, work

C. much work, job D. a lot of work, a job

36. We have three meals day. We have breakfast at seven in morning everyday.

A. a; the B. a; a C. a; an D. the; the

37. There is in today’s newspaper.

A. new something B. something new

C. anything new D. new anything

38. What will we do when we greet people in China?

????A. We will sit down. B. We will kiss and hug.

C. We will shake hands. D. We will put palms together and nod.

39. Kitty spends two hours _____ her homework every day.

??????A. in?? B. at?? C. to?? D. on

40. My mother always says I _____ be a good dancer.

A.?was born to B.?was born at

C.?was born from D.?was born in

41. There _____ a swimming pool in our school.

??????A. be?? B. am?? C. is? D. are

42. Are there _____ students in the classroom?.

A. some B. any C. many D. much

43. French women don"t get fat _____ their good eating habits.

????? A. because of? B. because?? C. so? ? D. so that

44. Some students are ______ about online games.

A. terrible B. friendly C. crazy D. boring

45. Which is ,Chinese food or European food?

A. delicious B. more delicious C. very delicious D. most delicious

Ⅳ. Complete the passage with the best answers. (完形填空，每題2分) 10%

Many people love? 46? out, but it can be a both great and very? 47? thing. One of the greatest things about eating out is that it saves time. After long hours" working, few people want to go home and cook. Eating out can be great because people can try many different kinds of food and drinks. However eating outside can also be dangerous. ? 48 , ?many restaurants offer ? 49? food and drinks. Second, eating out often means you might eat lots of dishes that are ? 50? in calories(卡路里，大卡). I"m saying that we need to be careful about what we eat.

(??? )46. A. go ??B. going?? C. eating??? D. eat

(??? )47. A. happy B. dangerous?????? C. exciting? ?? D. good

(??? )48. A. First ??? ??B. To start???? C. So??????? D. Then

(??? )49. A. clear B. unhealthy C. expensive ? D.are

(??? )50. A. big? B. small C. high D. Low

Ⅴ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (翻譯句子，每題4分) 20%

51. 吃各種各樣的食物。

52. 睡前刷牙很重要。

53. 由于不良的飲食習慣，她變得越來越胖。

54. 我必須參加這個會議。

55. 我們學校有很多課外活動，有打籃球、彈鋼琴、唱歌等。

A. Because of bad eating habits, she is getting fatter and fatter.

B. There are many after-school activities, such as playing basketball, playing the piano and singing.

C. It"s important to brush your teeth before you go to bed.

D. Eat various foods.

E. I have to attend this meeting.

徐州市中等專業學校2014---2015學年度第一學期期中考試

班級______ 姓名______ 學號______ 成績______

I. Vocabulary: choose the correct meaning of the following words and expressions. (詞匯知識：選擇正確的漢語釋義，每題2分）30%

1—5. ___.___.___.___.___. 6—10. ___.___.___.___.___.

11—15.___.___.___.___.___.

Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the words in the box. (選詞填空，每題2分) 20%

16. ______ 17. ______ 18. ______ 19. ______ 20. _______

21. ______ 22. ______ 23. ______ 24. ______ 25. _______

Ⅲ. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. (選擇填空，每題1分) 20%

26—30___.___.___.___.___. 31—35___.___.___.___.___.

36—40___.___.___.___.___. 41—45___.___.___.___.___.

Ⅳ. Complete the passage with the best answers. (完形填空，每題2分) 10%

46—50 ___.___.___.___.___.

Ⅴ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (翻譯句子,每題4分) 20%

51—55___.___.___.___.___.

徐州市中等專業學校2014---2015學年度第一學期期中考試

I. Vocabulary: choose the correct meaning of the following words and expressions. (詞匯知識：選擇正確的漢語釋義，每題2分）30%

1—5. HCKIB 6—10. EMJAF

11—15. LDGNO.

Ⅱ、Choose a proper word or expression to fill in the blank of each sentence, write down the letter in the answer sheet. (選詞填空，每題2分) 20%

16—20. C F B A E. 21—25. G D H I J .

Ⅲ. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. (選擇填空，每題1分) 20%

26—30._B. A. B. A B 31—35 _C_._D_._A_._B_._D_.

36—40_A_._B_._C_._D_._A_ 41—45 _C_._B_._A_._C_._B_.

Ⅳ. Complete the passage with the best answers. (完形填空，每題2分) 10%

46—50 _C_._B_._A_._B_._C_.

Ⅴ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (翻譯句子，每題4分) 20%

51—55_D_._C_._A_._E_._B_.

高一的英語(3)

1.書面表達

以“My friend XXX”為題，寫一篇短文。包括以下要點：

1. 名字，性別，外表簡單描述。興趣愛好。你們在一起的情況。他/她的家庭情況。總結。要求：1）詞數：100左右； 2）字跡工整，卷面整潔。

答案及解析：

Zhang Dong is my best friend. He entered our class last term. He is a boy. He has short straight, black eyes and a small nose. so we often have a talk in English in our spare time. After school, we often play football together on the playground.

He is an excellent student. He not only gets good marks in all subjects but also is very kind and modest. He is fond of music.

There are three people in his family and he is the only child. His father is a doctor and his mother is a Beijing Opera actress. Though Zhang Dong"s family is wealthy, he is usually simply dressed.

Such is my friend, a clever and kind boy. He is highly praised by the teachers and students.

2.隨著科技的進步，多媒體已走進很多學校的課堂。課間休息時，有些學校利用它來播放音樂。你班就“課間是否要播放音樂”展開討論。請你根據下表所提供的信息用英語寫一篇短文，陳述討論結果及你個人的看法、建議 。（字數 120 詞左右，不計開頭 ）

大多數同學認為

部分同學認為

個人看法

能活躍氣氛 ；

能使大腦得到放松，減輕學習的疲勞，使大家在快樂的氛圍中做好下一堂課的準備 ；

能給大家帶來快樂

課間時間太短 ，播放音樂達不到預期的效果；

課間需要的是安靜而不是嘈雜的聲音 。

考生陳述

Our class held a discussion about whether music should be played during the break or not .The opinions are divided .

Most of the students think that music should be played. As we know, music can produce a lively and happy atmosphere. Besides , after hard study , music can bring us relaxation , which reduces the tiredness. This can help us make full preparations for the next class. Listening to music also makes us feel happy . On the other hand , some students don’t think so. In their opinion , they can’t get the expected effect from playing music , for the class break time is too short .What is needed most during the class break is peace instead of noise produced by music .

In my opinion , it is good to play some soft and peaceful music instead of loud music during the class break. In this way students can enjoy music as well as have a good rest. Besides, I suggest choosing some music that is suitable for middle school students.

3假如你是劉東，剛剛從初中升入高中就讀。開始由于不適應高中生活，在學習與交友中遇到了一些困難，現寫信給你以前的班主任Miss Chen 求助，內容要點如下：

1. 剛進入高中學習，平時不擅長交際，經常有孤獨感；2. 英語水平低，尤其口語，課堂上不敢開口，而有些同學口語流利，因此有時很苦惱；3. 同桌是個很固執的女孩，與其相處不很融洽；4. 很想改變現狀，因此向老師求助，并表達感激之情。

注意：1. 詞數120左右；2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

Dear Miss Chen,

I’m having some trouble with my new school life. I have just come to study in a senior middle school. I’m a shy boy and I’m not good at communicating with others, so I often feel lonely. Besides, I don’t do well in English, especially spoken English. As a result, I dare not speak English in class. However, most of my classmates can speak English quite fluently. I feel upset sometimes. What’s more, I can’t get along well with my deskmate, who is a very stubborn girl.

I do want to change the situation, but I don’t know how. Could you tell me what to do next? I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.

Yours,

Liu Dong

4、假設你是李華，最近，你的外教Martin Mellish給你發Email詢問你校課外活動(after-class activities)的開展情況。請你根據以下提示，寫一封回信。

1．學校開展課外活動的情況：20多個社團、30多門選修課；

2．你參加的課外活動以及你體會到的益處（兩點益處）；

3．為同學選擇課外活動提出建議（兩條建議）。

注意：1. 詞數100-120詞左右；2. 回信的開頭已為你寫好（不計入總詞數）。3. 參考詞匯：選修課 elective

答案及解析：

5.One Possible Version:

Dear Martin,

I am glad to hear from you. In your email you asked me about the after-school activities in our school and here I would like to introduce to you something about it.

There are over 20 students’ clubs and more than 30 electives in our school. I am in the basketball and chess clubs. The activities not only build up my body and mind but also provide a perfect platform and rich choices for my future development. Besides, they also free me from the heavy work of study, guaranteeing my sustainable development.

Here is my suggestion to the students on how to choose after-class activities: You’d better choose those which interest and suit you. What’s more, you have to balance your study and activities so as to achieve both.

You are warmly welcome to come and experience our after-school activities.

Best wishes!

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

5.假如你是李英，就讀于瀏陽一所中學。該校歷史悠久，文化底蘊豐厚。校園古木參天，綠草茵茵。能在這樣美麗的學校學習，你感到十分自豪。但是，時而發現有人到處亂扔垃圾，你感到遺憾，認為必須采取措施來保護優美的校園環境。請你提出三個建議或者可行性辦法，字數 100詞左右，文章開頭已給出。

（參考詞匯：campus （校園）, be proud of , be aware of, keep clean, take turns, clean up, pick up, rubbish can）

I am Li Ying, a high school student in Liu yang. Our school has a long history with rich culture. When you enter our school, you will find a lot of tall trees and green grass…

答案及解析：

6.I am Li Ying, a high school student in Liuyang. Our school has a long history with rich culture. When you enter our school, you will find a lot of tall trees and green grass .I am very proud of myself being able to study in such a beautiful school. However, I feel sorry sometimes when I find the campus filled with rubbish, thinking about what we can do to keep the campus clean.

Firstly, every student must be aware of the importance of keeping clean. Secondly, we should take turns to clean up every corner of the school every day. Last but not least, keeping the campus clean all the time is most important: whenever and wherever we find rubbish, we must pick it up and put it in rubbish cans nearby.

6假設你是學校“English Club”的成員。近期俱樂部成員和英語教師要一起召開英語學習經驗交流座談會。請你根據下表所提示的信息，用英語寫一篇發言稿，簡單介紹自己學習英語的經驗，并對學校今后的英語教學提出建議。

自己學習英語的經驗

1. 英語學習的目的

2. 英語學習的方法

3. 課外自學的途徑

……

對學校英語教學的建議

（請考生根據自己的經歷與感想，提出兩至三點建議）

注意：

1. 要包括所有要點，可適當發揮，但不要簡單翻譯。

2. 詞數不少于60詞。開頭和結尾已經寫好，不計入總詞數。

3. 文中不得提及考生姓名及所在學校。

Dear teacher and schoolmates,

It’s a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you. I’m interested in English and hope to be an interpreter in the future. Naturally it’s very important for me to learn English well. As everybody knows, vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building. I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible. After class, I often listen to English programs on TV and on the radio. Besides, I’ve learned a lot from the Internet and other sources.

Now, I’d like to make some suggestions on English teaching and learning in our school. Firstly, we should be given more opportunities to use what we’ve learned in order to have a better grasp of it. Secondly, I hope our teachers ean recommend more interesting books and magazines in English and give us more free time to read them. Finally, I suggest we have more English activities, such as games and English contests.

Thank you for listening.

7寫作（滿分25分）

隨著年齡的增長，我們總想掙脫父母的懷抱，漸漸和父母產生分歧。假設你是李華，某中學英語雜志社正在開展題為 “How to get along well with your parents” 的征文活動。請你根據以下要點寫一篇征文稿。

1. 事前要跟父母溝通，征求他們的建議；2. 跟父母意見不一致時要保持冷靜；

3. 多花時間跟父母在一起，跟他們一塊郊游等。

注意：1. 詞數：120左右；2. 可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

How to get along well with your parents

11.As you are growing, you may want to be free from your parents and feel ready to make your own decisions. However, your parents will disagree with you. Your relationship with your parents may be in trouble right now. Here are some tips for you to avoid quarrels with your parents.

Discuss the rules ahead of time and not at the last minute. This way you will be able to tell what they will say yes or no to before you make plans.

Try to remain calm when your parents say no to something. You’d better listen to what they have to say instead of quarreling with them.

Spend time with your family. Communicate with each other at home. Suggest activities that your whole family will enjoy together such as going for a hike, a bike ride, or going to the beach.

I hope the adove advice can be of some help to you.

Yours,

Wei Fang

8書面表達（共25分）

桂林中學學生會將舉辦一年一度的英語演講比賽，本年度的主題為“I Have a Dream”。假設你是學生會主席李華，將在演講比賽開幕式上發言。請你根據以下提示，用英語寫一篇發言稿。

1．說明比賽的目的和意義，如提高英語聽說能力等；

2．說明比賽的注意事項，如每個參賽者應該著裝整潔、舉止文雅，演講不超過5分鐘，必須圍繞主題等；3．預祝比賽選手取得圓滿成功。

注意：1.詞數100左右；2．開頭已寫好，不計入總詞數；

3．參考詞匯：參賽者contestant 舉止 behave 圍繞 be centered on

13.Dear Boys_and_girls，

Good_afternoon! Welcome to the annual English speech contest! To improve your English speaking and listening abilities, we hold this English speech contest. It not only offers the chance to practice your English, but also provides a good opportunity to show your graceful self.

There are some important points each contestant should be aware of. First of all, each contestant should dress and behave properly. Second, each should finish the speech within five minutes. Third, each speech should be centered on the theme of our contest, “I Have a Dream”. I believe your speeches will inspire more people to achieve their dreams.

Finally, I"d like to wish you all good luck and I hope each contestant will perform his best!

That"s all. Thank you for your attention！

9.網購已成為很多人青睞的一種現代購物形式。請你以“Online Shopping”為題，根據以下三個要點，分三段寫一篇100字左右的英語短文，談談網購現象及你的看法或建議

1.越來越多的人喜歡在網上購買商品

2.網上購物可能存在的問題(如：假貨；貨物損壞；不易退換)

3.你的看法或建議

注意：1.詞數：100左右；2.可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

3.參考詞匯：網店店主Internet shopping provider 假貨fake goods

Online Shopping

Nowadays, shopping through the Internet has become increasingly popular among us, and many young people prefer to buy almost everything they want online.

Online shopping, however, can sometimes bring headaches to people when they enjoy shopping online. Firstly, the quality of the goods may not be as good as they are described.Secondly, it is possible for the buyers to buy fake goods. In addition, some people find it very hard to make a change when they are not satisfied with the things bought online.

I strongly hold the view that regulations and rules should be worked out for the Internet shopping providers. If so, I believe a promising life of online shopping is just awaiting us.

10假如你是李華，你的筆友Tony發郵件想了解你所喜歡的音樂，請根據以下要點給他回一封郵件。

18.Dear Tony,

How are you doing？ I’m glad to receive your email. I am writing to tell you something about my favourite type of music.

I like pop music best and regard it as a good life companion. There are several reasons for it. First of all, pop music is lively and it has a natural sense of rhythm. So it suits young people at my age. Secondly, it helps me ease my stressed feelings. When I feel tired after I have been studying hard for some time, I often listen to pop music, which always makes me feel relaxed. It is also a cure for my sadness because it can turn those unhappy moments into delightful ones. Lastly, pop music does not have complex lyrics. As a result, it is simple to understand.

What’s your favourite type of music? Looking forward to your reply.

Best wishes!

11.調查顯示，近幾年我國中學生的健康狀況不容樂觀。請你就How to improve the health of high school students這一話題，寫一篇英語短文,要求涵蓋以下要點：

1．健康狀況：近視、肥胖、體質弱等問題2．原因：看電視多，課業負擔重，鍛煉少。3．應采取的措施：多鍛煉，健康飲食，學校減負等。

注意：詞數100左右，文章的開頭已給出,不計入總詞數。

19.Research shows that middle school students’ health condition is declining obviously in recent years. Most students are near – sighted and some are weak or over-weighted, so that they can’t reach the physical standard.

What causes such problems? First, many students spend too much time in front of computers or TV sets. Second, students have to prepare themselves for examinations. As a result, they spend most of their time on their subjects. Third, many of them don’t form the habit of taking physical exercise regularly.

It’s time that we should find ways to improve students’ health condition. One available way is to do physical exercise at least an hour every day. In addition, a healthy diet is also beneficial to it. At last, the schools should take measures to reduce the heavy school-work of the students.

12.假設你是李華，你的美國筆友Linda來信說她家搬到了一個新城市，她幾乎沒有朋友，每天除了上課就是在家上網，感覺很孤獨。請你給她寫一封信，勸她多結交朋友，參加社會活動。

注意：1. 詞數：100左右（開頭和結語已寫好，但不計入總詞數）；2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

Dear Linda,

I know it’s hard to start a new life in a strange city. However, just staying at home doing nothing but surf the Internet is not good for you. You’d better go out and join in some social activities. By doing this, you can get to know more people around, and it would be a good idea to help others if possible and show them you are open and friendly as well.

With time going on, people will know you better and like to make friends with you.

Bestwishes! Yours,

Li Hua

13.一個叫Sunny的中學生給報社編輯Peter寫了一封信，反映自己像一個男孩子一樣，經常大聲說話和大笑。同桌比較安靜，她對Sunny的一些行為無法接受。Sunny詢問Peter如何才能和同桌相處好。請以Peter的名義寫一封回信。

注意：1． 詞數：100字左右。書信格式要規范。 2． 回信需就原文內容給出至少3條建議。（如：談心，參加彼此的活動，討論共同話題，分享快樂） 3． 短文開頭已寫好，但不計入總詞數．

Sunny,

I’m sorry you’re having trouble in communicating with your neighbor． However the situation is easy to change if you take my advice． Here are some tips to help you．

First, why not have a heart-to-heart talk with her? In this way, she can understand you better． Second, helping each other is important for both of you． it’s better for you to ask her to join you and your classmates in all kinds of activities, such as going out for a walk, discussing some fashionable topics． By doing this, she can be more outgoing． With her help, you can also be a tender and lovely girl in the future． At last, is it a good idea to share your happiness and sadness with her? And I believe she will understand you and it is certain you will be good friends in future． Good luck to you． Y ours,

Miss Wang

14.書面表達（滿分25分）

假設你叫李華,自從上了高中后，發現自己不是很適應高中的學習生活，現在就目前的情況，給自己初中時最信賴的老師寫一封求助信

1. 對老師的問候。

2. 高中生活基本情況：1）學科比初中多(9門功課)。2）每天作業時間3-4小時，課外活動時間很少。3）睡眠時間不足，上課有時感到疲勞。 4）考試壓力大。

3. 你目前遇到的最大的問題以及現在的感受。注意：1．內容應包括以上所有信息，要有適當發揮2．詞數：120左右。信的開頭和結尾已經寫好，不計入總詞數。

3．參考詞匯： 壓力 — pressure

Dear Mr Wang,

This is Li Hua．Remember me? How are you now? I need your help because I find I’m not very used to the high middle school life.

We have nine subjects in all. Every day I have to spend at least three to four hours doing my homework, so there is little time left for activities after class. I hardly have any time to do what I want to. Besides, I sometimes feel sleepy in class because I don’t have enough sleep. The great pressure of exams and the high expectations from my parents often make me even more tired．

The biggest problem I meet now is my Math study, which is much more difficult than that in junior middle school. I don’t know how to improve it. So I hope I could get some advice from you.

All the best Yours truly, Li Hua

15.根據以下提示，以Travel為題寫一篇不少于100字的短文。1. 當工作學習累了時，你可以旅游，領略大自然的美麗，呼吸新鮮空氣，還可以交友…2. 有時旅游也會有煩惱如:天氣多變…3. 旅游時應準備充分如:了解天氣情況，找個旅伴…

Travel

Travel is a very good activity. When you’re tired with your work or study, and when you’re free, you can go to a beautiful place to enjoy the beauty of nature. You can breathe fresh air and make new friends.

But sometimes, travelling will cause some trouble. The weather changes quickly. You may be caught in the rain and may catch a cold while traveling.

Therefore, you should prepare yourself carefully before the trip. You should listen to the weather forecast and prepare for the bad weather. You’d better find a companion so that you can help each other and may avoid accidents.

　　19.懂得如何避開問題的人，勝過知道怎樣解決問題的人。在這個世界上，不知道怎么辦的時候，選擇順其自然，也許是最佳選擇。勝出者往往不是能力而是觀念！

　　20.在家里看到的永遠是家，走出去看到的才是世界。把錢放在眼前，看到的永遠是錢，把錢放在有用的地方，看到的是金錢的世界。

　　21.給人金錢是下策，給人能力是中策，給人觀念是上策。財富買不來好觀念，好觀念能換來億萬財富。世界上最大的市場，是在人的腦海里！
　　8.表面上缺的是金錢，本質上缺的是觀念，命運里缺的是選擇，骨子里缺的是勇氣，肚子里缺的是知識，事業上缺的是毅力，行動上缺的是改變!

　　9.落后是觀念落后，貧窮是腦袋貧窮。許多人,不是沒有好機會，而是沒有好觀念。不是不接受新觀念，而是不愿拋棄舊觀念！

　　10.信念改變思維，思維改變心態，心態改變行動，行動改變習慣，習慣改變性格，性格改變命運。要改變命運，先確立信念！

　　11.心態決定看世界的眼光，行動決定生存的狀態。要想活出尊嚴，展現不凡，只有改變觀念，敢于和命運抗爭！
　　12.如果事情無法改變，那就改變自己；如果無法說服他人，那就想法說服自己。如果山過不來，那人就過去！

　　13.命運不是放棄，而是努力。命運不是運氣，而是選擇。命運不是等待，而是把握。命運不是名詞，而是動詞。要改變命運，先改變觀念！

　　14.決定今天的不是今天，而是昨天對人生的態度；決定明天的不是明天，而是今天對事業的作為。我們的今天由過去決定，我們的明天由今天決定！

高一的英語(4)

Unit 1 Friendship

一、 詞匯

1. upset adj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的

vt.使不安；使心煩

2. ignore vt.不理睬；忽視 = neglect ignorant adj. 無知的，不知道的

3. calm （使）平靜；（使）鎮定 adj.平靜的；鎮靜的；沉著的

calm down! (vi. + adv.) e.g. My words calm you down.

4. concern vt.（使）但有；涉及；關系到 n.擔心；關注；（利害）關系

care about worry about

concern oneself with / in 從事（參與、干涉）

concern oneself about / for… 因為……擔憂（關心）某人

concern sb./sth 關心某人（某事）

as/so far as…be concerned 就……而言

as concerns 關于（=concerning）

feel/show concern about for… 擔心（關心、掛念）……

be concerned with 與……有關的

be concerned about/for 關心

5.loose adj.松的；松開的

vt. 使變松

loose sth e.g. I loose my belt.

6.go through = experience = undertake

go through的含義

（1）穿過，通過（2）審閱，檢查（3）翻找，搜尋（4）經歷（痛苦，困難等）（5）通過，成功

7.set down 記下；放下；登記 = keep a record of

8.outdoors = in the open air在戶外

9.on purpose = purposely故意

with the purpose of doing something. “目的是……”

for the purpose 與 with the purpose of

兩者的意思相同，差異在于用for時，目的能否實現還不知道；用with時，暗示目的能實現。

10.in order to = so as to 為了……

In order to +動詞原形，表示“目的是……，以便……，為了……”

（1）用作目的狀語時，不定式的邏輯主語和句子的主語通常要一致，是同一人或物。

（2）其位置靈活，可放在句首或句中。

（3）其否定形式要在to前加not，即in order not to + 動詞原形。

In order to 和 so as to 的區別

三者后接動詞原形，做目的狀語的用法一致，但so as to 不可用于句首引導目的狀語，只可用于句中。

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11.at dusk在黃昏時刻 = at dark

12.thunder vi.打雷；雷鳴 n.雷，雷聲

13.entire adj.整個的，全部的；完全的 = whole

14.face to face 面對面的；親自 = in person

face-to-face adj.面對面的

【相似詞組】

1）heart to heart 坦誠地 2）shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 3）back to back 背對背地

4）hand in hand 手拉手地 5）arm in arm臂挽臂地 6）side by side 并肩地

7）step by step 逐步地

15.dusty adj.滿是灰塵的 dust n.塵土 vt. 打掃 e.g. Dusk the cupboard

16.no longer = no more = not … any longer = no … any more

17.partner n.伙伴；合作者；合伙人 = company

partnership伙伴關系

18.settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居

settle down 安靜

It’s settled = It’s a deal.

19.suffer vi.忍受；遭受 suffer from遭受；患病

Suffer/experience pain/defeat

Suffering n.痛苦

Suffer , suffer from &suffer with

20.recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢復；重新獲得 recovery e.g. I wish you have a speedy recovery.

21.pack 打包；包裝 = package pack sth up 將（東西）打包

22.get/be tired of 對……感到厭煩

23.grateful adj.感激的；表示感謝的 appreciative 感激

24.join in = take part in = participate

enter up

sign up for

register

25.surey n.&v.

（1）n.概論，全面評述。常用于結構：make a general survey of sth 縱觀某事物

e.g. I am not good at making a general survey of matters.我不善于總管事物

（2）n.民意調查，民意測驗。常用于結構：make a survey of sth.調查某事

e.g. The reporter made a survey of river pollution. 記者對河流污染問題進行了調查。

（3）vt.查看，審視，眺望（風景等）

e.g. The next morning we surveyed the damage caused by the fire. 次日清早我們查看了火災的破壞情況。

26.add用作機務禍不及物動詞，有“增加，增添”等意思，可構成如下短語

add to 增添 add...to… 往……添加…… add up(together)合計 add up to 合計達，加起來總和是

e.g. Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night.煙火使節日之夜更加生色。

She added some salt to the soup. 她往湯里加了些鹽

Add up these figures and you will see which is the right answer.把這些數字加起來，你就會知道哪個是正確的答案。

It is reported that the number of visitors to the exhibition adds up to 15,000 every day.

根據報道，每天老參觀展覽的人數達到15000人。

Please add a note to the posters and say that your teacher himself will play the last piece.

請在海報上再加一條，說你的老師將親自表演最后一個曲目。

27.crazy adj.瘋狂的；愚蠢的；狂熱的；著迷的

be crazy to do sth （某人）做某事是瘋狂的 be crazy on/ about doing sth 對做某事十分狂熱

be crazy for sth. 渴望某事 be crazy for sb. 迷戀某人

be crazy with 因……而發瘋 drive sb. mad/crazy 是某人發瘋

craziness n.瘋狂，狂熱 crazily adv.瘋狂地

like crazy 發瘋似的

28. a series of … 一系列的……；一連串的……；一套（叢書、郵票）【series 指按次序排列或發生的相似的、相關或相同的事情。】

Series 是一個單復數同型的名詞。

A series of meetings 一系列的會議 A series of exams 一連串的考試

A series of textbooks 一套教科書 Two series of stamps 兩套郵票

29.point n.點，論點，要點，觀點，小數點，問題點，（時間）點，地點，特點，意義，得分

v.指示，指著，對著，削尖

point at /to sb.sth 指著某人（某物）的位置或方向

point sth .at/towards sb./sth 以某物瞄準或對著某人（某物）

point out 指出

be on the point of doing sth. 正要做某事

there is no point in doing… 沒有必要做……

to the point 得要領的

off the point 離題的

point of view 觀點，著眼點

30.dare vt. 意為“敢，膽敢，敢于面對”常用在否定句、疑問句或條件從句中。

（1）作情態動詞時，沒有人稱和數的變化，但有時太變化，后接動詞原形。

（2）作行為動詞時后接to do，否定句、疑問句中to可以省略。

31.communicate v. communication n.交際，交流；信息，通訊，消息，交通。

32.join in 加入，參與

join sb./the Party和某人一起/入黨

join(sb.)in (doing )sth （與某人一起）參加某項活動

join，join in ，take part in & attend

（1） join通常指參加某組織或團體，并成為其中的一員，其賓語往往是the army/party/team/club或sb.

（2） join in 參加，其賓語一般是競賽、娛樂、游戲等活動的名詞，也可不加賓語。

（3） take part in指參加會議或群眾性活動等，重在說明參加該活動并在其中發揮一定的作用，in后要加賓語。

（4） attend 出席，為正式用于，指參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、典禮及上課、上學、聽報告等。

e.g. attend one’s lecture.wedding.

33.reason n. 理由，原因，理性

for a/an…reason 因為一個……的原因 the reason for… ……的理由，……的原因

reason + why/that引導的定語從句 the reason. is + that引導的表語從句

34.promise n. （1）【C】(+of/+that/+to do )承諾，諾言，保證 （2）希望，前途

vt. （1）允諾，答應 （2）給人以……的指望；有……的可能

vi.有指望，有前途

二、 句子及語法

1. You are taking your end-of-term exam.

本句中的現在進行時表示將來按計劃要進行的動作，能這樣用的常見動詞有：

arrive, come , go , get ,have , leave , return , sleep , stay , start , travel , work , play , wear , give , move等

2. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.

句中while walking the dog = while you are walking the dog.

本句中while后面省略了主語you和be動詞are。while或when引導的時間狀語從句，如果從句中的主語和主句的主語是同一個人或事物時，可省去從句中的主語和be動詞。

3. I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend…

句中的set down 意為“記下，寫下”

【拓展】

（1） 相當于put down ，常用于set down sth./set sth .down結構中

（2） 相當于to stop and allow sb. to get off ，意為“讓某人下車”

（3） 相當于explain or describe to oneself as，意為“解釋為，認為”（與as連用）

【相關詞組】

set about(doing)sth著手做某事 = set out to do set off 動身；出發；引爆；燃放

set out出發；著手做 set up豎起；創辦，開辦 set aside 留下來，不注意

set forward提出； set an example to sb.為某人樹立榜樣 set free釋放，使獲得自由

set fire to sth.(= set sth. on fire)放火燒某物

4. When he/she borrowed it last time,he/she broke it and you had to pay to get it repaired.

句中pay to get it repaired，含有pay to do sth.結構，意為“花錢做某事”，和get it repaired = have it repaired 的意思相近。

5. …it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.

It(This)is/was the first/second/third…time that…是一常用句型，意為某人第一（二、三……）次做某事。

That引導的是定語從句，that可以省略，從句中的時態必須用完成時態。

6. “Are you very hot with so many clothes on?”

句中with so many clothes on 為“with + 復合賓語”結構，該結構在句中作伴隨狀語或定語。

7. The last time he/she borrowed it,he/she broke it and you had to pay to get it repaired.

句中the last time 為名詞性短語充當從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句。

【類似的還有】

every/each time每次……；the first time第一次……；the moment/minute/second… 一……就……（= as soon as）

8. You will tell him/her that he/she should have studies.你應該告訴他（她）本來應該好好學習。

句中should（n’t）have done表示“本（不）應該做而實際上沒（已）做”，含有責備的意味。

三、 直接引語和間接引語

變直接引語為間接引語時，應注意以下事項：

（1） 句型的變化

1 直接引語為陳述句時，下列情況中的that不可省略：

a. 當賓語從句作直接賓語時。

b. 當賓語從句中的狀語至于從句句首時。

c. 當兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句并列時，僅能省略第一個that，其余的不可以省略。

②直接引語為一般疑問句，變為間接引語時，引語從句由whether或if引導。

③特殊疑問句變為由who,what,when等疑問詞引導的賓語從句。

④直接引語是祈使句時，應注意常變為ask/tell/order sb.to do sth句型。若是以let’s開頭的祈使句，通常變為suggest doing或“suggest + 從句”的形式。

（2） 時態的變化

若主句謂語動詞為現在時態，則從句的時態無需變化；

若主句謂語動詞是一般過去時、從句時態應變成相應的過去的某種時態。但下列情況除外

時態的變化

例句

一般現在時→

一般過去時

She said,“I need a calculator.”

She said that she needed a calculator.

現在進行時→

過去進行時

Jim said,“I’m expecting a long distance call.”

Jim said that he was expecting a long distance call.

一般將來時→

過去將來時

Nancy said,“I’ll call again later.”

Nancy said that she would call again later.

一般過去時→

過去完成時

He said,“I took it home with me.”

He said that he had taken it home with him.

現在完成時→

過去完成時

Paul said,“Our team has won the match.”

Paul said that their team had won the match.

過去完成時→

過去完成時

He said,“I had finished my homework before supper.”

He said that he had finished his homework before supper.

如果直接引語屬于下面的情況，變為間接引語時時態不作改變：

1 主句的謂語動詞為現在或將來時態，從句的時態無需變化。

2 當直接引語是客觀真理時，不受時間限制，因此不需要變化時態。

3 直接引語是一般過去時，并且和具體的過去時間連用，時態不作改變。

（3） 指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化

變化形式

指

示

代

詞

this→that

these→those

時

間

狀

語

now→then

today→that day

tonight→that night

yesterday→the day before

tThree days ago→three days before

tomorrow→the next day/the following day

nNext week→ the next week

地點狀語

here→there

動詞

come/bring→go/take

（4） 人稱代詞的變化

Unit 2 English around the world

一、詞匯與詞組

1.more than 超過，多于。相當于over 。 more than 還可以與名詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞、動名詞或分詞連用，意為“不只是，非常；豈止”

more than one + n.意為“不止一個”，雖在語意上為復數，但作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。

2.be different from 意為“與……不同” 反義詞組為 the same as

3.because of 為介詞短語，在句中作原因狀語，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞或名詞性從句，在句中作狀語。

because 是從屬連詞，引導原因狀語從句或表語從句表示主句的根本原因。

because of 的同意短語還有：due to , owing to , thanks to , on account of , as a result of等。

4.even if & even though 盡管 若主句、從句皆表示將來情況，even if從句可用一般現在時代替將來時。

even if 從句內容不確定；even though從句的內容是事實。

5.however 可作副詞用，意為“可是，然而”，可置于句首、句中或句末，用逗號與其他部分隔開。

e.g. It was raining hard, however, I think we should go out.雨下得很大，不過我想我們還是應該出去。

however 也可作“無論如何……也，不管怎樣……也”講，引導讓步狀語從句，相當于 no matter how, 后接形容詞或副詞。

6.come up

7.a number of 大量，許多 后接可數名詞復數，謂語動詞用復數形式。

the number of ……的數量，是單數概念，謂語動詞用單數形式。

9.base 為動詞，意為“建于……之上，以……為根據”。

常用于結構：base sth.on/upon，意為“以……為基礎（依據）”

e.g. The result is based on investigations.

10.communicate 傳達，傳遞（意見、消息、感情等）。交流，傳播

Communicate sth to sb.將某事同志某人

Communicate with sb 與某人聯系

Be in communication with sb 與某人交流

11.present adj.現在的；出息的；到場的 n.禮物 vt.贈送；介紹；呈遞

present sth. to sb.或 present sb. with sth.把某物交給某人。

present sb . to sb. 把某人介紹給某人

12.close to 意為“靠近，接近”

13.rule vt.&vi.統治；支配；管轄 n.規則；習慣；統治

14.sound like 聽起來像

【類似的】look like, smell like,feel like, taste like

15.at the end of

（1）在……的末梢，到……的盡頭（表場所）

（2）在……結束時，在……末（表時間）

【辨析】

（1）at the end of + 過去某一時間 結構作時間狀語，句子謂語往往用一般過去時。

+ 將來某一時間 結構作時間狀語，句子謂語用將來的某一時態。

（2）by the end of + 過去某一時間 結構作時間狀語，句子謂語用過去完成時。

+ 將來某一時間 結構作時間狀語，句子謂語用將來完成時。

+ 現在某一時間 結構坐時間狀語，句子謂語用現在完成時。

（3）in the end 最后、終于、獨立作狀語，句子謂語往往用一般過去時。

16.make use of 利用，使用 (take advantage of)

17.expect 期望；預料，預期；認為

18.request 請求，要求

request sth.of/from sb.向某人請求某物

request sb.to do sth請求某人做某事

request that-clause 請求……

at one’s request 應某人之請求

at the request of sb 應某人之請求

be in request 有需要，受歡迎

on/upon request 一經請求

19.command n.命令，指令，掌握 vt.& vi.命令，指揮，支配

Command 可用作可數名詞，意為“命令，指令；指揮部”。也可以用作不可數名詞，意為“控制，指揮；運用能力，掌握”

have a good command of… 精通

20. believe it or not 信不信由你

【類似的插入語】

To tell you the truth 跟你說實話

Generally speaking 一般來說

Judging from 根據……判斷

such 和 so 的用法小結

（1）若such與no，all，most，some，any，another，many，much，a few，few，a little，several，one等詞連用時，such應置于這些詞之后。

（2）如果so與many，much，few，little等詞連用時，so應置于這些詞之前。

22.recognize 辨認出；承認；公認

Recognize one’s voice 辨別出某人的聲音

Be recognize as 被承認為……

Recognize sb. to be… 承認某人是……

Recognize that 承認

recognize與know

（1）recognize指原來很熟悉，經過一段時間的間隔或別的原因后有重新認出來，是終止性動詞。

（2）know是延續性動詞，指相互間十分熟悉，十分了解。

23.direction 方向；指導；指示（常用復數）；說明書

用作“方向；指導”時，與介詞in或from搭配，用作“指示；說明書”時則與介詞under搭配。

in one direction 朝某一方面

in all directions 朝四面八方

under the direction of sb,

under one’s direction

in/from the direction of 朝著（來自）……方向

according to one’s directions 根據某人的指示

follow/obey/listen to one’s direction 聽從某人的指導

keep sb.’s directions in mind 記住某人的指示

24.the more … the more … 越……就越……，這是一個固定的句型，more代表比較級

（1）從結構上看，第一個“the + 比較級”是表示比較的狀語從句，第二個“the + 比較級”是主句。

（2）從意義上看，本句型表示從句和主句的兩個變化時同時進行的。

（3）在表示將來意義的情況下，從句中用一般現在時代替將來時。

25.because,why,與that引導的表語從句辨析

三者都可以引導表示原因的表語從句，但其用法各有側重

（1）because 表示一種動作或狀態的根本原因。

（2）why 雖譯成“因為”，但實質上表示結果。

（3）that 引導的表語從句表示原因，主句通常是reason 或 what 引導的主語從句。在the reason why … is/was that…結構中，也只能用that引導。

26.quickly , fast與rapidly

（1）quickly 指動作敏捷、迅速，毫不遲疑，在較短的時間內發生或完成某項動作。

（2）fast 主要指運動著的人或物體速度快。

（3）rapidly 指一個活一連串的運動迅速、敏捷，著重指運動本身。

27.TELL

(1)Tell + 賓語 +（that）從句

(2)Tell + 間接賓語

(3)Tell + 賓語 + 直接賓語

(4)Tell + 賓語 + of/about sth.

(5)Tell + 賓語 + to do

(6)Tell + 賓語 + wh- + to do

(7)Tell + 賓語 + not to do

二、句子及語法

1.However , on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.

the way是定語從句people speak的先行詞，并在從句中作狀語，其引導詞有三種形式：that/in which/不填

句中will為情態動詞，表示習慣性、經常性的情況，意為“慣于，總是”。

e.g. He will ask silly questions.他總是問些愚蠢的問題。

2.She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.

Block n. （1）大塊 a block of ice 一大塊冰 （2）街區 The store is three blocks away. 那家商店距此三條街。

vt. 阻塞，堵住，封鎖 The accident blocked traffic in the town center. 事故阻塞了市中心的交通。

3.Then others went to work with Murry, including his two daughters.

Include 包括，包含，算入。 The price includes both house and furniture.價錢包括房子和家具。

Including prep.

4.I will do as she advised .

advise v. advise sb to do sth 建議某人做某事。 Advise doing sth 建議做某事 advise sb against(doing)sth建議某人不要做某事。

Unit 3 Travel journal

一、詞匯與詞組

1.imagine 想象，設想，料想，猜想。

（1）imagine + 賓語（n./pron v.-ing;that; wh-從句）

（2）imagine + 賓語 + 補語（n. ; v-ing ; to be…）

e.g. You can imagine the situation there.你可以想象那里的情況。

I can’t imagine (my) marring a girl of that sort. 我難以想象（我）與那種女子結婚后的情形。

2.graduate

（1）adj./ n. 大學畢業生（的）；畢業生（的）

（2）vt. 授以學位；準予畢業。

（3）vi. （自大學）畢業；獲得學位

3.finally , in the end 與 at last

finally , in the end 和at last 三者都有“最有”的意思，優勢可以換用，但有區別。

（1）finally 強調活動過程的終結“最后”“末了”。一是在列舉事物或論點時引出最后一項內容；而是在動詞前面表示“等了好久才……”。

（2）at last 與finally 的第二個用法相同，但往往用于一番拖延曲折后，因而帶有濃厚的感情色彩。

（3）in the end與finally的第二個用法相同，而且能用于預卜將來，而at last 和finally不能。

4.dream about = dream of夢見，夢想（后接名詞、代詞、動名詞）

5.though和although引導的狀語從句

（1）相同點：這兩個詞都可以用來引導讓步狀語從句，同一句中如果用了though或although，就不能再用but，但可以和yet或still搭配。

（2）不同點：although 引導的狀語從句常用語主句之前，而though引導的從句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后；另外，though還可以用作副詞，獨立使用，意思是“可是，然而”。

6.insist v. 堅持，堅決主張 insistence n.

【常用搭配】

insist on/upon doing 堅決做，堅持做

insist on / upon one’s doing 堅持要某人做

insist that 堅持認為；堅持說

insist表達“堅持，堅決主張”時，所跟的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣：謂語動詞用should do，其中should省略；若表達“堅持一種說法、看法或事實”時，賓語從句使用陳述語氣，即用相應的時態。

7.mind 有“意見，想法，意向”等意思

【常見短語】

Change one’s mind改變主意

Have sth. In mind 記得某事；想要做某事

Make up one’s mind（mind可有復數）某人下定決心

Have no/a mind to do 無（有）意做某事，心里（不）想做

Read one’s mind看出某人的心思

Speak one’s mind 直言不諱

7.fun為不可數名詞，表示“娛樂，快樂，嬉戲”或“有趣的人或物”

be fond of fun 喜歡開玩笑

have fun = enjoy yourself 玩的高興

in/for fun 開玩笑

be full of fun 好玩

make fun of 取笑，嘲弄

It’s much/great fun to do… 做……很有趣

8.record v. 紀錄，記載，錄音 n.紀錄 ，唱片

Make a record 錄制唱片

Set a record 創紀錄

Break a record 打破記錄

Keep a record 保持紀錄

Keep a record of... 把……記錄下來，記載……

A recorded programme 錄制節目

9.put相關的詞組

put up 舉起，掛起，建造，投宿 put away把……收起來，存放

put back 放回原處 put forward 提出

put down 寫下 put off 推遲

put out 撲滅 put on 穿上

put one’s heart to 全省關注于 put the end to 使結束

10.be similar to

Be similar to = the same…as… 類似于，與……相似，與……相同

11.separate v. & adj.

（1）vt.分開，分離 （2）vi. 分手，和……分開

（3）adj. 個別的，獨自的，分離的

12.be worth 值……的，有……的價值

【常用句型】

be (well)worth +n./v.-ing

e.g. This house is worth a lot of money.這棟房子值很多錢。

The book is worth reading. 這本書值得一讀。

修飾worth 要用well，不用very。worth后必須是及物動詞或短語的動名詞的主動形式。

13.care about 意為“關心，在乎”，表示認為某事重要并長生興趣或憂慮，常用于疑問句和否定句；后接從句時about要省略。

14.seem v. 似乎，好像

【句型】

Seem + to be + adj./n.prep./ 分詞

Seem + to do /to have done/to be doing

It seems that…

It seems as if/as though

There seems to be…

15. travel , journey , trip , tour與voyage

(1) travel可作動詞或名詞，指遠距離長時間的旅行，沒有具體的目的和方向性。常用來表示“旅行”這一概念。

(2) journey使用范圍很廣，但常指距離較遠的陸路旅行。

(3) trip比較通俗，常指短距離且直接到目的地的旅行。

(4) tour側重“觀光”的意思，常常有最后回到出發地的含義，距離可長可短。

(5) voyage 指海上旅行。

16.persuade

【常用搭配】

Persuade sb. 勸說某人

persuade sb.(not)to do sth.勸說某人（不要）做某事

Persuade sb. of sth. 使某人信服某事

17.care about = care for 關心，照料 care for 喜歡，對……感興趣

二、句子及語法

1.Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too.

get在句中做使役動詞，表示“使某人或某物處于某種狀態”，后常接形容詞、不定式、現在分詞或過去分詞作賓語補足語。

2.When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it.

句中介詞短語at an altitude of = at a height of ，意為“在海拔……米處”

at 此處表“在……處/時，以……”，后接年齡、速度、長、寬、深、高、價格、費用等。

【常見短語】

at the age of 在……歲時 at a high/low price 以高（低）價

at the price of 以……的價格 at a speed of 以……速度

at a rate of 以……速率 at a length of 在……長度

at a height of 在……高度 at a depth of 在……深度

at a width of 在……寬度 at a distance of 在……距離上

at the cost of 以……為代價；犧牲

at the expense of 付出……代價；犧牲

at an expense of 以……的費用

3.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.

句中the air would be hard to breathe是“主語 + be + adj.+ 不定式”結構，其中the air是breathe的邏輯賓語。不定式和主語之間是動賓關系，要求使用及物動詞的主動形式，若是不及物動詞要加相應的介詞。

4.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.

句中once做連詞，意為“一旦”。

5.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province.

句中through和across都是介詞。

【辨析】 through，across 與 over

Across 表示一定范圍的一邊到另一邊或事物的交叉位置，“橫穿，橫跨”表面，含義與on有關；

Through表示動作在空間進行，含義與in有關；

Over 表示“越過”，指越過較高物體，從一側到另一側。

6.We ever both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China.

句中We were surprised to learn…是“主語 + be + adj.+ to do”結構。

這一結構中的形容詞往往是表示心理活動的，接不定式時，不定式的邏輯主語是句子的主語，主動用to do;被動用to be done，也可以接從句。

【拓展】這類形容詞有，surprised , moved , disappointed , pleased , happy , sad , delighted , sorry , interested , glad , worried , eager , anxious , angry等。

7.Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles?

句中含有see sb.do 結構，see為感官動詞，表示看見一個動作的全過程。

在感官動詞或使役動詞之后，作賓語補足與的不定式，不帶to。這類動詞若用作被動語態，不定式要帶to。常見的感官動詞有：see, look , hear , watch , notice , observe , feel ,等。使役動詞有make , have , let。

【拓展】

（1） see sb. doing 表示看見一個動作正在進行

（2） see sth. done 表示看見被動的動作

8.After supper Wang Wei put her head down on her pillow and went to sleep but I stayed awake.

句中stay為連系動詞，awake作表語。類似stay既能作行為動詞又能作連系動詞的還有：become,get,grow,turn,look,appear,seem,feel,taste,smell,sound,keep等。

9.She gave me a determined look-the kind that said she would not change her mind

這是一個簡單句。give后跟雙賓語；a determined look與the kind為同位語關系；that引導定語從句，修飾the kind。

強調句型：it is/was + 被強調部分 + that/who + 其余部分

(1)強調句中被強調部分可以是除謂語以外的任何成分，被強調部分是人可用that或who作連詞，其他一律用that;

(2)is/was的時態與其余部分的時態一致，都不受被強調部分單復數的影響；

(3)被強調部分若是原句的主語，其人稱代詞必須用主格，who/that之后的謂語動詞在人稱和數量上與該主語一致。

(4)對特殊疑問詞強調的句式是“疑問詞 + is/was + it + that + 句子其余部分（陳述句語序）？”

現在進行表將來

be + v.-ing與表示將來的時間連用，表示不久的將來，含義是“打算要做”。這種結構中常用動作動詞或去向動詞，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, travel, fly等。

英語中表示將來發生的動作還可有如下幾種表達方式：

（1） will/shall do 表達單純的將來，是對未來事情發生的“預見性”。

（2） be going to do

（3） be + to do表達預定，按計劃或安排將發生，也可表示將來必定發生，或表示命令等。

（4） 一般現在是表將來

（5） Be about to do 剛要，正要，表示非常近的將來。

Unit 4 Earthquakes

一、詞匯與詞組

1.earthquake [c.n.] an earthquake

2.shake vt.&vi. 意為“使搖動，發抖，搖動”

在表示“因……而顫抖”時，多與with搭配，其構成的短語有：

shake hands with sb.同某人握手

shake one’s head搖頭

shake sb. by the hand (=shake sb..’s hand)拉著某人的手

give a…shake 把……搖了一下

a shake of the head 搖頭

要點：shake還可以表示“使受震撼，使（信念等）動搖”，常用語被動態be shaken by/with/at,同義詞upset,shock.

3.burst v.破裂，脹裂，（水庫、堤壩等）決口。

burst forth 突然出現

burst into + n.

burst out + doing.

burst upon 突然出現

burst with充滿

4.right away 立刻；馬上 = without delay = immediately = at once = in no time

5.destroy , damage與ruin 的區別

（1）destroy 表示嚴重毀壞之物，使之不復存在或者無法修復。

（2）damage 表示“破壞”，程度弱于destroy，一般指損壞后價值或效益會降低，這種損壞時部分性的。可構成詞組 cause/do damage to sth.

（3）ruin表示為“毀滅，毀壞；使破產”（動詞），作名詞表“毀滅，滅亡，瓦解，衰敗”（不可數），也可表示為“廢墟”（可數）。ruin的程度強于destroy，指把某物損壞到了不可能再使用的程度。

6.reach 可用作動詞和名詞

（1）抵達，傳到

（2）達成（協議），得出（結論）

（3）伸手夠到（某物）

（4）意為“范圍”

7.shock可用作及物動詞、不及物動詞和名詞

（1）vt.意為“使震驚，使產生厭惡情緒（賓語為人）”，表示吃驚的程度比surprise強烈。

e.g. It shocked me to see how my neighbors treated their children. 看到鄰居們如何對待孩子，我感到很震驚。

（2）vi.震動

（3）n.[C.U]震驚；打擊；休克；電擊

8.cover 意為“遮蓋，遮蔽”。

be coverd with/by 被……覆蓋

cover…with… 用……蓋……

（1）vt.占有（多少面積），包含，包括

（2）vt.報道 e.g. She will stay there, covering the whole game.她將待在那里，對整個比賽進行報道。

（3）vt.走完（一點路程）

9.die死

【常用搭配】

die out 滅絕，逐漸消失

die off 相繼死去

die of 死于內因

die from 死于外因

10.last 用作不及物動詞，意為“持續；維持” last 還可用作及物動詞，意為“讓……維持多久”。

11.end用作名詞構成的短語at an end意為“結束，終結”（一般用作表語）

at the end of在……末（盡頭）

by the end of在（到）……末為止，與完成時態連用

in the end最后，終于

12.instead of代替，而不（后接名詞、代詞、動名詞、介詞短語等，但不能接句子）

13.happen vi.意為“發生”，不能用于被動語態。

（1）“happen + to + 名詞”結構意為“發生于……身上”。

（2）happen to do 表示“碰巧做……；偶然做……”，此種搭配不用于進行時態。

（3）“It (so) happens + that”表示“碰巧……”

14.be proud of 意為“為……而自豪”。后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞。= take pride in

15.honour 可用作可數或不可數名詞，也可用作動詞，但要注意不同詞性的詞義。

（1）n.[U]榮譽，光榮 e.g. They fight for the honor of the country. 他們為國家的榮譽而戰。

（2）n.[U]尊敬，敬意 e.g. One must show honor to one’s parents. 一個人對父母必須尊敬。

（3）n.[C]使人感到光榮的人或事。 e.g. He is an honor to his family. 他令他的家人感到光榮。

（4）vt. 尊敬；給以榮譽。 e.g. He was honored for what he had done. 他因為他所做的事而獲得了榮譽。

do honor to 紀念……；給……帶來榮譽

in honor of 為了紀念……

16.與break有關的短語

break up 打碎；驅逐；破裂；放假；散會 break down分解；垮下來；中斷；壞掉

break out （= burst out）突然發生，爆發 break into （= burst into）闖入，破門而入

break off 休息一下；打斷；結束；突然停止談話；斷絕關系 break in 闖入，打斷

break away from 打破；脫離 break through 突圍；突破；沖垮

without a break/rest 不停地，不休息地，一直

17.judge v.判斷，判定，判決，評判 n.裁判員，法官 judging by/from 依……來判斷

18. a large /great/good number fo

a great/good/many

a good few/quite a few

many a + 單數名詞（謂語用單數）

a great/good deal of

a great/large amount of

quite a little

a lot of/lots of

a great/large quantity of

large quantities of

plenty of

【注意】a number of + 復數名詞，意為“大量的……”，作主語時，句子謂語使用復數。

the number of + 復數名詞，意為“……的數目”，作主語時，句子謂語用單數。

19.seem做連系動詞，表示“似乎，好像”

seem + (to be )+n./adj/

seem + to do

seem + like + n.

it seems (to sb.)+ that

it seems as if /as though（可用虛擬語氣）

there seems to be

20.rise

（1）vi. 升高，上升 e.g. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

（2）vi. 增加，增長 e.g. Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period.

rise by 上升了多少；rise to 上升到多少。

（3）vi.站起，起立 e.g. He rose from his chair when the door bell rang.

（4）vi.起床 e.g. He has formed the habit of rising early in the morning.

（5）n.[C]（數量、數值）增加

e.g. In the last ten years we have seen a three percent rise in serious and fatal accidents on our roads.

（6）n.[C]加薪 e.g. After you’ve worked here for one year you’ll get a rise.

（7）n.升遷；成功；興起

【辨析】rise, raise & lift

1）rise為不及物動詞，作“上升”講時，常用于日、月、云、煙、水蒸氣、物價、溫度、河水、湖水及人的職位等。

2）raise為及物動詞，意為“舉起；提出；飼養；種植”。作“舉起”講時，往往有使物體達到應有高度的含義，可用于具體或抽象的事物。

3）lift是及物動詞，強調用體力把某物從地面提到一定的高度，表示“提，抬，扛，背，攜”等。

21.out of

（1）從……里面出去，離開某處

e.g. When I first came out of the army I worked in a drugstore.我第一次離開軍隊時，我去了一家藥店工作。

（2）在……范圍之外

e.g. He lives two miles out of the city.他住在離市區兩英里之外的地方。

（3）從（某個數）之中

e.g. He is safe from danger in nine cases out of ten. 他十有八九是安全的。

（4）由……做成 e.g. She made the basket out of bamboo. 她用竹子做了一個籃子。

（5）失去，欠缺 e.g. He seems to be out of patience. 他似乎失去了耐心

（6）由于……原因 e.g. I did it for her out of kindness. 我出于好心為她做了那件事。

【短語】

get out of the room 從房間里出來 look out of the window 向窗外看

be out of sight 看不到 be out of hearing 聽不到

out of work 失業 out of control 失去控制

out of danger 脫離危險 out of fashion 過時

out of date 過時，陳舊 our of luck 不走運

out of curiosity 出于好奇心 out of condition 健康狀況不好

out of the way 偏僻的，人煙稀少的 out of question 沒問題，辦得到的

out of one’s reach 某人夠不到

22. hurt , injure與wound

（1）hurt 普通用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上、感情上的傷害。

（2）injure比hurt正式，hurt多指傷害，而injure則指損害健康、成就、容貌等，強調功能的喪失。

（3）wound指槍傷、刀傷、刺傷等皮肉之傷，是出血的、嚴重的傷，特指戰場上受的傷，他可以指肉體上的傷害，也可以指人們精神上的創傷。

23.rescue

rescue sb/sth.from sb/sp/從某人（或某地）援救某人（或某物）

come to/go to sb.’s rescue 援救某人

【辨析】rescue 與 save

（1） rescue救助，援救，營救。重在強調迅速行動，從直接的和迫在眉睫的危險中解救。

（2） save 救；rescue救助，拯救。普通用詞，使用廣泛，常指把處于危險或危機狀態的人或事物解救出來。

24.wonder + that

wh-從句

about/at

to do sth.

if/whether

wh-+ to do

It’s no/small/little wonder that… ……并不奇怪，不足為奇It’s a wonder (that)… 令人驚奇的是……

do/work wonders 創造奇跡 I wonder if/whether… 我不知道是否……

in wonder 驚奇地

二、語法

定語從句

（1）由關系代詞引導的定語從句

關系代詞

例句

that在從句中做主語或賓語

指物

A plane is a machine that can fly.（作主語）

The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious （作賓語）

指人

Let’s ask the man is reading the book over there.（作主語）

The girl (that)we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister.（作賓語）

which在從句中作主語或賓語

指物

They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. （作主語）

The fish (which)we bought were not fresh. （作賓語）

who在從句中作主語

指人

The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.

The boy who broke the window is called Wang Hua.

whom在從句中作賓語

指人

The professor (whom)you mentioned hasn’t come yet.

The person to whom you just talked is Mr Lee.

Mrs Jack is the professor to whom you should write.

whose(代詞的所有格)在從句中作定語

指物

Henry is the boy whose mother is our English teacher.

指人

The novel whose cover was broken belongs to me.

as在定語從句中作主語或賓語，常用于兩種情況：

①代替前面的整個句子；

②當先行詞是such或the same或先行詞被such或the same修飾時

指物

As we expected, our class won the match. （作賓語）

As is known to everyone, Edison discovered electricity. （作主語）

He was able to give such advice as was considered helpful to others. （作主語）

I have never heard of things such as he said. （作賓語）

He made the same explanation to me as he had made to his other friends. （作賓語）

You have made mistakes the same as (you made)last time. （作賓語）

關系代詞that的用法。 （A）that只能用在限定性定語從句中，在非限定性定語從句中永遠不能用that，另外介詞后面不能跟that，而跟which。（B）在限定性定語從句中，which和that在代替物時一般可以通用。

（C）有些情況下只能用that，而不能用which。

1）先行詞是形容詞最高級或者它的前面有形容詞最高級時。

2）先行詞是序數詞，或他前面有一個序數詞時。

3）主句中已有疑問代詞who或which時。

4）先行詞即有人又有物

5）先行詞是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one代詞時。

6）先行詞前面有only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, the same, the very等詞修飾時。

7）兩個定語從句中，其中一個關系代詞已用which，另外一個用that.

關系代詞which的用法。

（A）在非限定性定語從句中，只宜用which,不能用that。

（B）在限定性定語從句中，which和that在代物時，常常可以通用，但有時只用which不用that。

（2）關于“介詞 + 關系代詞”引導的定語從句

介詞與關系代詞

名（代詞）+ 介詞 + 關系代詞 （在句中一般作主語），常用詞結構的代詞有one, both , all , some , most , several , few , a few , little , a little , many , much , none , half等

The boy was paid 100 dollars for cleaning the windows, most of which had not been cleaned for years

We received a large number of visitors, some of whom are very old people.

數量詞或形容詞最高級 + of + 關系代詞

The company now has more than 100 employees, half of whom are women. 40 percent

介詞 + 關系代詞（在句中作狀語），

①根據定語從句的謂語選擇適當的介詞。

②短語動詞不能拆開，如look for , look after , look forward to , take care of

There was no people in the street to whom she could turn for help.

This is the book for which you asked.

Here is the car about which I told you.

There are fifty patients now, whom we must take good care of.

介詞 + 關系代詞 + 名詞（在句中作狀語），此結構可轉換為“and + 介詞 + that 或 this + 名詞”結構

We got the party at seven, and by that time(by which time) they had enjoyed themselves for two hours and were about to leave.

Mr Smith can come tonight,in which case(and in that case)we have to do the test all by ourselves.

介詞短語 + 介詞 + 關系代詞（在句中一般作狀語），此結構可與“介詞 + whose + 名詞”結構轉換

At the station we met a kind-hearted old gentleman, with the help of whom(whose help)we easily found the Friendship Hotel.

①（介詞）+ whose + 名詞 + 主謂結構 = and + 介詞 + 形容詞性的物主代詞 + 名詞 + 主謂結構

②（介詞）+ which + 名詞 + 主謂結構 = and + 介詞 + this 或that +名詞+ 主謂結構

He is the man from whose house(and from his house)the picture were stolen.

We stopped at the gate of the school at which place(and at this place)we said goodbye to each other.

The president looked sad, whose son(and his son)was killed last month.

關系代詞as的用法

①可位于句首（中、尾），位置靈活。

②常作主動語態的賓語。

③常作被動語態的主語。

④常用于be known (expected ,announced, reported, shown)等結構中

⑤只能代指主句整個概念，不能代指單個先行詞。

⑥可以引導（非）限定性定語從句。

⑦引導限定性定語從句常和the same, such ,so, as等連用。

⑧the same…as 指不同人或物，the same…that指相同的人或物。

⑨as不用于引導否定的定語從句。

Tiawan,as/which you know,is an inseparable part of China.

As you know, Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.

Tiawan is an inseparable part of China, as/which you know,

The two brothers were satisfied with this decision, as we agreed beforehand.

The professor, as we had expected, gave us a wonderful speech.

As is known to all, China has made great achievements in the last 20 years.

He is from the south, as I learn from his accent,

Take as many books as you can,

I’ve never heard of such things as he told.

It’s as pleasant a trip as I had last month.

He made the same mistakes as you did.

介詞 + 關系代詞的運用（介賓）

在使用定語從句中，可使用適當的介詞加關系代詞，有時可起到相應的關系副詞的作用。

（1）介詞的選用原則

a.根據定語從句中謂語動詞的習慣搭配來選用介詞

b.根據先行詞的搭配習慣來選用介詞。

the days on which I joined the league

I remember the days during which I lived here.

the month in which I stayed there

（2）介詞可后移，關系代詞可省略

to whom you’ll write

The person (whom/that/who)you’ll

write to

（3）介詞位于從句句首時，其后不用that或who，只能用which（指物）或whom（人）。

The place in which I’ll arrive is Barcelona,

Do you know the girl to whom I introduced Mary?

（4）定語從句中謂語動詞是含有介詞的短語動詞時，介詞要放在之后，不能拆開。

This is the baby whom you will look after.

定語從句中關系代詞與關系副詞的選擇

（1）明確關系代詞、關系副詞在定語從句中的不同作用。

關系代詞which, that, who在定語從句中作主語或在及物動詞或介詞后作賓語。

關系副詞when, where, why在定語從句中作狀語，即定語從句不缺主語、賓語，只缺少表時間、地點或原因的狀語。

（2）分析句子結構，明確句法成分。

選用關系代詞還是關系副詞引導定語從句，關鍵是看關系詞在從句中作主語、賓語還是狀語。關系詞在句中作賓語還是作狀語，關鍵取決于定語從句中的謂語動詞。如果定語從句的謂語動詞是及物動詞，應觀察其后有無賓語。如沒有賓語，則應考慮使用能充當賓語的關系代詞which或that。如句子中已有賓語，就考慮關系副詞when或where等。

關系副詞

指代

例句

功能

when

時間

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

We will never forget the happy time when we worked on the farm.

在定語從句中作時間狀語

Where

地點

This is the house where we lived last year.

The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.

在定語從句中作地點狀語

why

原因

There are several reasons why we can’t do that.

He couldn’t give the teacher a good reason why he was late for school.

在定語從句中作原因狀語

有關定語從句的拓展——特殊的的定語從句

特殊定語從句

①有些定語從句和先行詞之間插入一個詞組、短語或別的成分，這種語言現象成為分裂式定語從句

②帶有插入語的定語從句

③where作名詞可與from連用

④關系代詞than引導的定語從句。

⑤no/never/not + 先行詞 + but（準關系代詞）= that…not = who…not沒有……不

I have an aunt in London, who never writes to me.

He went to the UK in 1988, where he studied English literature.

His head soon appeared out of one the third storey windows, from where he could see what happened clearly.

Never give your children more money than is necessary.

Not a single person among us but support the plan(= who doesn’t support the plan).

There’s not a student in my class but would (= who would not )like to learn a second foreign language.

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela---a modern hero

一、詞匯與詞組

1.willing 樂意的，自愿的

be willing to do sth.樂意做某事

be willing for sb. to do sth. 愿意讓某人做某事

2.trouble.

in trouble 處于不幸中，在監禁中。 ask for trouble自尋麻煩 get into trouble遇到麻煩，出事

have trouble in doing sth.做某事遇到麻煩 make trouble制造麻煩 save/spare trouble 省事，避免麻煩

3.fight vt.& vi. (fought, fought)打仗，打架

fight for 為……而戰 fight against 與……作戰（斗爭） fight one’s way back 費很大勁

fight with 與……作戰；（并肩）作戰 fight back 還擊；忍住

4.heart

lose heart 灰心，泄氣 lose one’s heart (to) 愛上，喜歡上 = fall in love with

break one’s heart 使人難過（心碎） from the bottom of one’s heart 從內心里

put one’s heart into 把全部心思放在…… heart and soul全心全意地

a heavy soul 沉重的心情 learn/know by heart 熟記

5.prison

put…in prison

send…to prison 把……投入監獄

throw/cast…into prison

go to prison 入獄

be in prison 在監獄中，被監禁

break (out of )prison越獄

6.give in & give up

（1）give in 表示被動屈服或認輸，后面不帶賓語。

（2）give up 表示主動放棄，后可接賓語也可單獨用。其賓語可以是名詞、代詞、動名詞。如果賓語是代詞時，要放在up之前。

7.advise的用法

advise + n.

advise + sb. + to do

advise + that從句（should）do

advise + sb. + on sth.

advise + wh- + to do

advise sb.not to do sth.

advise sb. against doing sth. 建議某人不要做某事

8.continue vi.&vt. 繼續

continue后可接名詞、動名詞或不定式。用作不及物動詞意為“繼續（下去），持續（下去）”，continue + 表語（形容詞）意為“繼續處于某種狀態”

continue + n. continue to do

continue with sth. continue doing

【類似】

go on to do go on doing/with

9.as a matter of fact(= in fact)主要有以下兩個含義

（1）事實上，實際上

（2）事實恰恰相反（用于強調或修正前句）

10.choose后接動詞時用to do形式，此時意為“愿意，偏要，決定”等。

choose + n.選中……

choose from/between 從……中選擇

choose sb. + as/for 選某人當……

choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb.為某人選某物

choose + wh- + to do

cannot choose but to do 只好做……

11.equal為形容詞，無比較級，意為“相等的，同等的”。

（1）be equal to 表示“與……相等”

（2）be/feel equal to (doing)sth. 還可表示“勝任；經得起”的意思。

12.與work有關的詞語

out of work失業的（= out of a job） in work 在工作

go to work去上班 off work在休班

at work在工作中，在上班 after work下班后

begin/start work開始工作 work at從事，致力于

work out算出，制定出，解決 work away不停地工作

work one’s way努力前進獲得 work up使激昂，激起，發展成

13.power 能力；力量；動力；電力；權利；有權力的人；

have the power to do…有權利做……

take power；come into/to power 上臺，（開始）執政，當權

（be）in power執政，當權

lose power失去權力

【比較】power, strength, force和energy都含“力”的意思。

（1）force強調“力所產生的實際效果”，有時含有“武力、強制力“的意思。

（2）strength 指“體力”“力量”“強度”

（3）power指“能力”“權利”，著重指“行動所根據的能力或職權”。

（4）energy原是物理學中的術語“能量”，用于人時則指“精力”。

14.fear n&vt.

（1）n. [U]恐懼，害怕；[C]擔心的事。可構成短語：for fear of…擔心……，以防……； in fear 驚恐地

（2）vt.恐懼，害怕

fear + n./doing/to do/that從句

fear for sb./sth.為某人（某事）擔心

15.be sentence to 被判處……（其中to是介詞，后接名詞或動名詞）

16.stop sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事 此結構相當于 prevent sb.(from)doing sth.

17.【辨析】build, set up, found與put up

（1）build：建造，建立，建設。其后可接具體的或抽象的名詞。

（2）set up：開辦，建立。常和表示組織、機構、團體等意義的名詞連用，這時和build基本相同，但build更著重打基礎，表示用基金創立。

（3）found：興建，建立，創辦；后面可接城市、國家、黨派等，還可表示捐資興辦學校、醫院等。

（4）put up：著重指建造或搭起一個具體的物體。

18.quality n.

（1）[U]質量，品質 （2）[C]性質，特性，特點 （3）[C]品德，品性

【拓展】

qualification n.資格

qualify v.賦予（某人）資格，取得資格

qualified adj. 有資格的，稱職的

19.mean

（1）adj. （2）n. 方法 meaning 意味

（3）mean to do 意味著

mean doing 打算做某事

（4）by means of 通過……的方法。

20.generous

（1）be generous with sth對……慷慨大方 （2）be generous to do sth.

21.devote

（1）devote oneself/one’s life to……

（2）devote to doing

22.be free from 擺脫

23.believe in sb.相信某人說的話

believe sb.相信某人

24.mankind = humankind = human being = human race

25.be 300 meters away from = be far away from e.g. My birthday is 2 days away.

26.offer sth to sb.提供某物給某人。

27.insist 強調做法時 用虛擬。

28.answer

（1）answer the question（2）answer the door/bell/phone（3）answer for…… 對……負責

（4）answer…with…（5）answer one’s purpose

29.reward & award（授予）

30.receive 表示“被動收到” accept表示“主動接受”。

二、句子及語法

1. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.

句中have seen的主語是時間名詞the last thirty years。動詞see, find, witness等詞由時間或地點名詞作主語，以增添語言色彩，意為“（在某段時期或地點）發生（某情況），經歷，經受”。

2. …only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……只是在那時我們才決定以暴力對暴力。

句中only then 引起倒裝結構。當only修飾狀語位于句首時，句子采用部分倒裝的結構。

注意：only只有在修飾狀語時，句子才出現部分倒裝；若修飾主語是，句子則不倒裝。

e.g. Only he knew how to solve the problem.

3. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. So I knew I could get degree too.

句中did pass為強調結構。強調謂語動詞時，在動詞原形前加do, does或did。

高一的英語(5)

1. 2006--2007學年度高一年第一學期期中聯考

2. 英語參考答案

聽力：1.5 分

第一節

1 w: Do you think you could fix my television for me?

m: Sorry, I’ve got my hands full as it is.

2 m: I hope it won’t be a trouble for Steven to drive us to the airport.

w: Would it be easier if we just took a taxi?

3 m: Are you going to work late tonight again?

w: I think I’ll go to sleep early for a change.\

4 w: I called your old number yesterday. I was told that you were no longer living there.

M: I haven’t been at that address for several months.

5 m: I’ll send the telegram---- We are sailing for Australia next Friday to grandmother, shall I?

w: Oh, no. You have to pay for every word on a telegram, so you must make it as short as possible. Just put----Sailing Friday, David.

第二節

6 m: Hi, Jane.

W: Hi, Bob.

M: What are you doing this evening?

W: Nothing much, why?

M: How about going to see a film?

W: A film?

M: Yes. A Chinese film named “Hero”.

W: That sounds good.

M: Why don’t you come over to my place? Let’s have supper together and then go to the cinema.

W: What time?

M: About a quarter to six.

W: OK. See you then.

7 M: Hello, Jane. How are you?

W: Tom, you are just the person I wnt.

M: What can I do for you?

W: It’s Helen’s birthday tomorrow. I think we should buy her a present.

M; Yes. Of course. Shall we give her some flowers?

W: Flowers are lovely. But I think it’s better to buy her a nice box of chocolate.

M: Helen doesn’t like sweet things. You didn’t know that?

W: You are right. Well, we can give her a record. She loves music.

M: Good. Oh, Harry said he would like to join us buying Helen a present.

W; All right. We’ll go together.

8 W: We’re planning a picnic by the lake next Sunday. Are you coming,

Hank?

M: I certainly am.

W: Good. Now everybody must bring some food or drink.

M: Hmm, I’ll bring a cake, OK?

W: No, I’m bringing a cake. I’ll make it myself. You can bring a chicken.

M: Ur--- Well, I’ll bring some fruit. How about bananas?

W: Good. And we’ve got apples too. And we haven’t made up our minds where to go. Shall we meet tomorrow afternoon and discuss it?

M: OK.

9. W: Look,Bob. A letter from Australia!

M: Australia? I have never heard that you have any friends there.

W: Yes, I have. Her name is rose. Two month ago, I read an article in a magazine written by Rose, and I am very interest in it, so I wrote to here according to the address below.

M: So, she is your pen pal?

W: I think she is now.

M: But why Australia? It’s too far away from us.

W: That’s the reason. I want to know the people and their life in the other half of the earth.

M: Well, what does the letter say?

W: She greets me with “Merry Christmas”. It’s interesting that they spend Christmas in summer while we do in winter. She says she is having lots of fun from sunbathing on the beach or swimming in the sea.

M: That’s wonderful.

10. Mr. Smith lived in the country, but he worked in an office in the big city, so five days a week he went to work by train every morning and came home the same way.

One morning he was reading his newspaper on the train when a man sitting behind him, whom Mr. Smith had never met before, leaned forward, tapped him on the shoulder and spoke to him. The man said, “ You’re not leading a very interesting life , are you?” You get on the station at the same time every morning, and you always sit in the same seat and read the same newspaper. “

Mr. Smith put his paper down, turned around, and said to the man angrily, “ How do you know all that about me?” Because I’m always sitting in this seat behind you.” The man answered.

聽力

1——5 AAAAC 6——10 AABCB

11——15 BBACB 16——20 CCBBA

單選：1 分

21——25 AADCA 26——30 DACAC 31——35 BABCD

完形填空：1.5 分

36——40 CCBAB 41——45 DDCAB

46——50 BCDBD 51——55 AADCA

閱讀理解：2分

56——60 CCDBD 61——65 BABAC

66——70 DBBCA 71——75 ABCCB
完成句子：1分

1.get/have, repaired

2. in ruins

3. on purpose

4. more , than

5. determined

6. experiences

7. No matter

8. great fun

9. For another

10. It seemed

11. Three fourths

Ways of Making Friends

Everyone needs friends, so how to make true friends is very important to anybody. To make friends, you must be friendly to others. A smile is like a magnet that draws people. Smile at others and you are always sure to get a smile in return. You should do your best to make a stranger feel at home, no matter where he happens to be. Think as you are in his position.

Try to remember other"s names, which will make them feel that they have made an impression on you. If you don"t agree with others on certain matter, don"t argue but discuss with them. You should think more of others than of yourselves.

Finally, don"t believe those who leave their friends when they are in trouble because “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”

高一的英語(6)

高一英語練習：2014高一英語試題完成句子一

高一英語練習：2014高一英語試題完成句子一 閱讀下列各小題，根據漢語提示，用句末括號內的英語單詞完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡上的相應題號后。 例：______ was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight) 令球迷欣喜的是那位年輕的球員在乒乓球錦標賽中表現得極為出色。 答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted 71. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _________________. (rebuild) 他們目前和他們的父母住在一起，因為他們自己的房子現在正在重建。 72. There is no doubt __________________ his injury in time for the race next week. (recover) 毫無疑問，他會及時恢復傷痛并參加下星期的比賽。 73. ___________________ for three blocks and then turn right. Youll see the hospital on your left. (go) 沿著這條路走三個街區，然后右轉，你會看到醫院就在你的左邊。 74. During his last lecture, the scientist ___________________ easier to explain the theory to those with some background knowledge. (find) 在那位科學家上次的講座中，他發現，對那些有一些背景知識的人，更容易解釋這個理論。 75. -Have you seen the film White Deer Plain? -Of course, I have. It was in our village in 2012 __________________. (make) -你看過電影《白鹿原》嗎? -當然看了，這部電影是2012年在我們村子里拍的。

高一的英語(7)

英語作文高一

【篇一：高一英語作文練習與范文】

一

假如你是李華，你的朋友張華春節后要轉入你班學習，他向你詢問有關你校的情況。請

根據以下提示給張華寫一封回信：

1. 學校位置和規模:城市東部，有60個班級，約3000名學生；

2. 學校的氛圍：學生刻苦學習；

3. 課外活動情況：學生可參與各式各樣的課外活動和社會實踐活動，以拓寬視野，發

展潛能。

注意：

1.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；2.詞數100左右

dear zhang hua,

yours

li hua 范文

dear zhang hua，

i’m glad to learn that you’re going to study in my school. i’d like to give you a

brief introduction of my school.

my school is located in the east part of the city, and it’s a very beautiful school. the school, consisting of 60 classes,has about 3,000 students in all.in my school,all the students study very hard. besides gaining knowledge.we are encouraged to participate in colourful after-class activities and social practice, which are intended to broaded our horizons and develop our potential. i’m sure that you will get used to the life here quickly.

looking forward to seeing you here.

yours li hua

二

快餐現在在中國很流行， 但快餐對人的身體卻沒什么好處。 請根據以下要點以“fast food” 為題寫一篇短文， 準備發表在一份生活雜志上。

1． 快餐在中國非常流行， 人們尤其是兒童和青少年喜歡吃快餐。

2． 快餐受歡迎至少有4個方面的原因：

a． 方便， 節約時間

b． 既可在快餐店里吃又可以帶回家

c． 店里環境干凈， 舒服

d． 服務周到， 食品質量有保證

3. 快餐食品缺乏營養。

4.建議： 如時間來不及可考慮吃快餐， 但以偶爾品嘗為宜。 兒童應盡量少吃快餐。

營養 nutrition方便 convenient

fast food

范文

fast food

nowadays, fast food is very popular in china, especially children and young people enjoy eating fast food very much.

fast food is loved by people for four reasons. first, fast food is very convenient and it saves time. second, fast food can be eaten in the restaurant or you can take it home. third, fast food restaurants are very clean and comfortable. last, the service in the restaurants is very good and the quality of the food is good.

however, we can’t get enough nutrition from fast food and it is not good for our health. so if we don’t have enough time, we can consider eating fast food. but we should eat it once in a while. children should eat less fast food. we should eat more healthy food

三

假如你是李明，最近你的朋友張華因考試不利情緒低落，學習消極應付。請你用英語給他寫一封e-mail勸慰他，鼓勵他努力學習，并結合自身實際，提出應采取的積極態度和應對方法。

詞數：120左右

dear zhang hua,

i’m sorry to hear that_______________________________________________

范文 yoursli ming

dear zhang hua，

i’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your last exam. quite a number of students feel the same way as you and they tend to lose their confidence and don’t want to study hard any longer. i’m sure you know that it’s unwise to do so, because you might be left far behind.

i was once in the same situation as yours. failure is the mother of success. in face of failure, what we need to do is to calm down and make some possible changes or to ask teachers or friends for advice. anyway, rome is not built in a day. only by sticking to studying can we make progress step by step . i truly hope i can be of some help to you.

yours li ming

四

假設一批外國友人要在中國過春節，他們想了解我國過春節的情況。請你根據下面要點寫一篇英語短文。

1．春節是中國的重大節日；

2．節前人們要大掃除；

3．全家人在一起吃年夜飯；

4．孩子們會得到壓歲錢；

5．年初一穿新衣服，走親訪友，互道吉利。

詞數：120左右

the spring festival

范文

as you know, the spring festival is the most colorful and important festival in china. to celebrate it people always do a lot of preparations for it. the day before the festival is the eve of the spring festival when people have a thorough cleaning everywhere. in the evening the whole family are sitting together, having supper and watching tv until midnight. the lucky money in red paper is given to children by elders as a gift.

on the first day of the new year, all the people, old and young, wear new clothes to welcome the new years coming, pay a visit to their relatives and friends and wish each other good luck in the new year.

五

假設你是星光中學的李華，將參加主題為“let’s ride bicycles”的英語演講比賽。請撰寫一份演講稿，主要內容包括：

1.目前汽車帶來的空氣污染和交通堵塞等問題。

【篇二：高一英語作文范文(my)】

高一英語作文范文

上網利弊

recently our class discussed the advantages and disadvantages of surfing the internet. here are our conclusions.

of course, surfing the internet clearly has some advantages. there is no doubt that the internet makes communication easier and helps us keep up with the latest information. it is also a great use of spare time: online shopping, online movies and even online chats with friends.

like anything else, the internet is not perfect. being addicted to it can waste a lot of time, especially for us students; not only can our studies be harmed by our spending too much time online, but we often hear news of students who met dangerous people online or who even got cheated.

in my opinion, when surfing the internet, we should be aware of both the advantages and disadvantages, so that we can maximize the advantages and minimize the disadvantages.

環境保護

it is very important to deal with the rubbish in cities. rubbish must be treated properly, otherwise it may cause problems. it may pollute the air and water, they may get ill.

our city has begun to pay attention to the problem. for example, rubbish is sorted. some rubbish, such as newspapers and glass, is recycled. the rest, which is believed to be harmful, is sent to a certain place and buried. laws have been passed to protect the environment, so waste water should be treated before it is poured into rivers.

we’ve been trying, but there is still a long way to go. after all, if everyone did his part to help fight against pollution, we could all share in a cleaner and more beautiful world.

cars and earth

nowadays, with the living standards improving fast, masses of people own cars, which certainly benefit them a lot. but more and more cars will give out poisonous gases and cause air pollution, which does great harm to the environment.

therefore, human beings are faced with an urgent task to take measures to save the earth. the government should pass laws and limit the number of cars. or we may use environmentally friendly cars to reduce the pollution.

after all, we have only one earth. if we continue polluting it, we shall be punished in time. so, we should make proper use of cars and protect our earth.

how to improve listening ability

hello, everyone. learners of english, especially beginners, usually have trouble in understanding native speakers. how can we improve our listening ability? my views are as follows.

first of all, learn english step by step. it is no use listening to anything beyond your level. so don’t choose materials that are too difficult for you. secondly, stick to one series of textbooks. work hard at them until you master them. thirdly, listen to english programmes every day to enjoy native english. finally, you can learn to sing some english songs so that you won’t feel bored with english study.

all in all, where there is a will, there is a way. when you develop good listening habits, your listening ability will improve quickly.

drunk driving

nowadays, drunk driving is becoming a heated topic among people in china. here, i’d like to air my views about it.

as is known to us all, drunk driving is a sort of terrible behavior that will threaten the safety of people, including the driver himself. many of the traffic accidents caused by drunk driving have brought about traffic jams, injuries and even death. besides, a great deal of money has to be spent treating the injured and repairing the broken cars, which means a waste of money.

i strongly suggest effective measures be taken before things get worse. laws and regulations should be strengthened to punish those performing drunk driving. meanwhile, the public, especially drivers, should be more aware of public safety. i hope by doing so, drunk driving can be things of past.

confidence

according to my survey, the students in our class appear to lack self-confidence. the reasons can be listed as follows.

first of all, students don’t communicate enough with each other. secondly, the high expectations from parents are another cause of the problem. thirdly, there are some improper evaluation methods in our school. which cause the students to feel stressed.

it’s high time that something was done to solve the problem. first, teachers should encourage students to communicate more with each other. second, parents should pay more attention to their children’s thoughts and life but not just their study. third, schools should improve their evaluation methods, because education shouldn’t be judged only by the results of examinations.

if we are confident enough, we can do better.

書面表達題目

一、在最近的一次主題為中學生課余時間上網的英語班會上，同學們對上網的利弊爭論不休，意見不能統一。作為班長，請你根據下列信息，作總結性發言。

要求： 1. 覆蓋以上內容，可作適當發揮；

2. 發言的開頭和結尾已給出（不計入總詞數）； 3. 詞數：120左右。 attention, please! i’m going to give you a summary of today’s discussion about whether we

should go on line in our spare time. ___________________________________________________________________________ thank you.

二、假如你是李明，你發現部分同學每次遇到重要考試，都會出現一些焦慮癥狀。請你用英語寫一封信，向某學生英文報編輯反映該問題。信的內容應包括下列要點：

焦慮癥狀 建 議

頭暈、乏力、睡眠不好、食欲不振等

1．考前制定好合適的復習計劃

2．考試期間正常作息

3．睡前洗熱水澡、喝熱牛奶等有助于睡眠

其他建議(內容由考生自己擬定)

注意：1.根據以上內容寫一篇短文，不要逐句翻譯，可適當增加細節以使行文連貫。

3. 詞數：100個左右。開頭已給出，不計詞數。

參考詞匯：頭暈—dizzy(adj.)

三、文明的舉止在國際交往中非常重要，因此提高國民修養勢在必行。近日，你班就本話題進行了熱烈討論，請據以下要點給某英文報寫一篇120字左右的短文，表明個人觀點。

1. 提高國民素質的必要性；

2. 列舉你所觀察到的一些不文明行為（兩種以上）；

3. 就此做出評論，并提出建議。

參考詞匯：behave v 舉止、行為、表現

四、smoking

吸煙對健康有害。

2.改變吸煙的習慣并不容易。

3.為了保護非吸煙者不受其害，應當采取措施減少吸煙的機會。

五、許多人現在都在努力學習英語。請你寫一篇淺顯易懂的短文，說明英語的重要性。（字數60~100字）提示如下：

1．英語是世界上使用最廣泛的語言，大多數商業信件都是用英語寫的。

2．學好英語可使我們更好地向外國學習先進經驗。(advanced experience)。

3．學好英語能使我們更好地為祖國服務。

4．學習英語有時也是一大趣事。

spit vi 吐痰

【篇三：高一英語作文必修】

高中必修一英語范文

1、假設你是李華，你的美國筆友linda來信說她家搬到了一個新城市，她幾乎沒

有朋友，每天除了上課就是在家上網，感覺很孤獨。請你給她寫一封信，勸她多

結交朋友，參加社會活動。 2、假設你是李華，某中學生雜志英語習作專欄正在開展主題為“why should we learn english?”的征文活動。請你根據所給要點寫一篇征文稿。

1）提高學習語言的能力；2）有助于了解異國文化；3）能夠結識更多的朋友。 3、假設你是李華，你的美國筆友hurry是一名旅游愛好者。請你根據以下要點，給他寫一封信你暑假期間的西湖之旅。

1）湖光塔影，花木芬芳 2）鶯啼燕語，游人如織 3）夜游西湖，賞音樂節

4、假設你是校報英語專欄的記者李華，你校男子足球隊在全市第五屆中學生足球比賽中獲得冠軍。請你根據以下內容要點，寫一篇新聞稿。

比賽時間：2011.9.24—2011.9.30

比賽地點：朝陽體育館

參加球隊：10支中學足球隊

比賽進程：校隊首場比賽0比1失利，決賽3比2獲勝

注意：1、詞數100左右；2、可以適當增加情節，以使行文連貫；3、參考詞匯：體育館staium。 thth5、假設你是校剜肉補瘡英語專欄的記者李華，你校男子足球隊在全市第五屆中學生足球比賽中獲得冠軍。請你根據以下內容要點，寫一篇新聞稿。

比賽時間：2011.9.24-2.11.9.30

比賽地點：朝陽體育館

參加球隊：10支中學生足球隊

比賽進程：校隊首場比賽0比1失利，決賽3比2獲勝 6、假設你是李華，你的英國好友bob來信說他在上周的登山運動中腿部骨折。請你給寫一封回信，內容包括：1、表達關心之情；2、建議及時治療；3、祝他早日康復。 7、假設他是李華，某國際遺址保護組織正在全球招募青少年志愿者，請根據以下要點提示給該組織的負責人mr.blake寫一封申請信。

介紹個人情況；表明申請意愿；期待早日回復。

8、假設你是李華，某中學生英語學習網站“體育專欄”正在征集稿件。請你根據下表所提示的信息，寫一篇英語短文介紹中國的網球運動。

概況：發展迅速，群眾基礎廣泛

成績：2004年 李婷 孫甜甜 奧運會女子雙打冠軍；2011年李娜 法國網球公開賽女子單打冠軍 發展：重視隊伍建設，培養更多的后備力量 9、假設你是他華，剛剛收到英國筆友andy給你寄來的生日禮物。請根據以不要點提示給andy寫一電子郵件。

表達誠摯的謝意；詢問andy的近況；祝他學業進步。

10、假設你是李華，某國際中學生科技論壇正在開展主題為“my robot”的征文活動。請根據以下提示信息定一篇英語短文參加此次活動。

簡單描述外型；介紹其基本功能；說明它的意義。 11、以下是一則來身某英語報紙的新聞報道，請你結合新聞內容和提示要點寫一篇英語短文。 november 24, 2011thursday

wild animals play an important role in our environment. however, many human activities have put them in serious danger of extinction. by the year 2025,one fifth of the world’s animal species may be extinct.

描述動物的現狀；應該采取措施；談談自己的看法。

高一的英語(8)

高一英語說課稿（一）

一、教學內容分析

（一）知識背景及新課程、新教材

本單元圍繞考古這一主題開展聽、說、讀、寫多種教學活動。旅游作為當今社會人們最感興趣的話題在英語學習占有非常重要的位置。名勝古跡是旅游的重點內容之一，名勝古跡中的許多發現都來自于考古工作。所以Archaeology也是一個非常貼近生活、具有時代性、可挖掘性的教學主題。

本單元所選的語言素材涉及中外名勝，有利于學生了解外國文化，增強世界意識。正如新課程標準中的教學建議所提：學習考古有利于"拓展學生的文化視野，發展他們跨文化交際的意識和能力";在利用現代教育技術觀看歷史教育片的過程中，"拓寬了學生學習和運用英語的渠道";同時本單元的教學對教師本身歷史文化修養、廣闊的知識面等方面有非常高的要求，體現了師生共同不斷更新知識結構以適應現代社會發展對英語課程的要求的"與時俱進"的理念和思想。

（二）教學重點難點

1.利用已有知識談論石器時代、青銅器時代、漢朝、唐朝等時代人們的飲食起居、文化娛樂、生產工具等，為以后閱讀英國的《巨石王》和中華文明的起源奠定基礎。

2.調動學生的積極性，組織他們利用表達好奇功能結構談論他們所感興趣話題。

3.聽力是這一課的難點。聽力材料介紹是古代法國人用來射箭的一種武器。材料長，對武器的結構的解釋比較復雜。但是學生聽過材料后能夠順利地完成課本上的練習。這里不要求學生理解細節，只要能完成練習就行。

二、三維教學目標

（一）知識技能

1.學會談論古代人的生產、生活；

2.學會表達對什么東西的好奇，如：

I wonder what/ who… I really want to know…

I’m curious to… I’d love to know…

3.學習一些與考古有關單詞、短語和句式，如：archaeology及其派生詞，curiosity, bronze, dynasty, decoration, artifact, unearth, spear, pot等。

（二）情感態度

1.讓學生了解本單元的總體學習目標，以便激發學習學習積極性。

2.從談論石器時代、青銅器時代、漢朝、唐朝等時代人們的飲食起居、文化娛樂、生產工具等入手使學生到中國具有悠久的歷史、燦爛的文化，增強學生的民族自豪感，愛國主義情操。增強學生學好英語自信心。

3.通過開展小組活動，指導學生積極與人合作，相互學習，相互幫助，培養其團隊精神。

（三）學習策略

1.認知策略：通過-ology, -ological,

-ologist等詞根的學習，掌握archaeology, archaeologist, archae- ological等詞，同時掌握同類詞的學習方法。

2.調控策略：通過聽力讓學生了解到聽力有時很難，不可求全責備。可以材料調整聽力要求。有的要聽懂細節，有的甚至要推斷隱含內容，但有的只需要掌握大意。

3.交際策略：通過談論古代人的飲食起居、文化娛樂、生產工具和談論興趣等真實交際活動提高用英語交際的能力。同時讓學生了解表情、動作等非語言手段提高交際效果。

4.資源策略：讓學生了解博物館、名勝古跡和書籍資料一樣是學習的重要途徑。

（四）文化意識

1.了解英語國家對文化遺產保護的態度。

2.了解西方國家部分古代用具。

3.通過中外古代文化對比，加深對中國文化的理解。

三、具體教學步驟

（一） 導入（Lead-in）

這一步驟的重點在于激發學生對考古學的興趣，因為一般學生認為考古沒什么有趣的。

活動方式：師生互動。教師盯著天花板的一處看30秒鐘。引起全班同學一起去看。然后問：What do you see? 學生自然會回答：Nothing.然后再問Do you know what I was looking at? 學生自然會回答：No, I don’t.然后告訴學生老師根本沒有看什么，只是做一個動作而已。再問Why did you look at there after me?學生答不上。老師告訴學生That is because of curiosity.再問What is the word curiosity from? 學生學過curious,所以能答上來。老師再講：根據心理學的觀點，每個人都具有對新鮮事物認識的興趣，這叫做Curiosity.然后給出一個新詞：

Archaeology（板書課題）并指出This is a new word for you.

You may want to know it.老師再問Do you think it is a

course or a science?部分學生會答Yes.接著問Why do you think it is a science?學生會說出他們學過以-ology結尾的詞。這時便可以打出幻燈片，再進行以下活動：

…（略）

1.組織學生推出Physiology,zoology和sociology和漢語意義；

2.組織學生推出technological, technologist;

3.組織學生推出其它詞的-ological和ologist的形變；

總結：學習構詞法知識對于擴大詞匯量有非常重大的意義。

最后指出今天所學內容是Archaeology.再問What are the goals in

learning the unit?

（二）單元學習目標（Goals）

起關上書回憶本單元的四個學習目標。

（三）預備（Warming up）

活動形式：分組評論。談論課本上的四幅圖畫。先指出中華民族有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化。每年都有許多西方人到中國來旅游。如果你想為他們提供幫助，就得學會用英語談論中國古代人的飲食起居、文化娛樂、生產工具等。然后用What

did they eat? Where did they live? What did

their homes look like? What kind of tools did

they use? What objects have we found from their

age? What kind of entertainment did they have?

談論古代人的飲食起居、文化娛樂、生產工具。

（四）聽力（listening）

教學形式：師生互動。播放磁帶讓學生聽第一遍，提問材料的大意。播放第二遍，讓學生完成課后練習。做聽力訓練之前的準備工作是非常重要的。

總結：今天的聽力材料較難，但是同學們能很好回答課后問題這就夠了，不一定要了解那些細節，不可求全責備。根據不同制訂不同學習目標是有效學習重要環節。

（五）對話（speaking）

活動形式：組對練習。

1.發出指令，提出要求；

2.學習會話范例；

3.給對話所用句式；

4.學生組對談論興趣與建議。

四、教學時間分配

教育心理學指出新知識的學習需要一個接受的過程。本課時的主要任務為本單元的學習做好預備工作。所以要用較多的時間讓學生接受考古這一新的概念。

導入部分用8分鐘；

目標部分用3分鐘；

預備部分用5分鐘；

聽力部分用12分鐘；

會話部分用10分鐘；

最后用兩分鐘總結本課內容和布置作業。

五、課堂板書設計

將黑板劃為左右兩塊，左邊板書教學步驟，右邊板書生詞和短語。

高一英語說課稿（二）

一。 教材內容分析

本單元的中心話題是"電影",本課是第三課時，是一篇傳記體的短文，介紹當前好萊塢最有影響的導演藝術家—史蒂芬 斯皮爾伯格的創作生涯和一些作品。同一般傳記一樣，本文也是按照人物的生平時間展開：前兩段記述了史蒂芬 斯皮爾伯格的早期創作嘗試和生平，之后幾大段介紹了他的事業和美滿的家庭。學生從中可以進一步了解著名導演，也能體驗一些影評的模式。

二。教學重點難點

（1）。關系副詞引導的定語從句和介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句

（2）掌握相關的詞匯和短語

（3）文章段落結構的分析并概括各段的段落大意。

（4）如何提高學生的閱讀能力。

（5）對影視界名人及電影的評價（comments）如何寫影評（review）。

三。教學目標

（一）知識技能

1. 掌握一些課文中涉及的詞匯和短語：

如：academy, adult, industry, cruelty, marry, research, creature, owe…to…， take off, scene, blockbuster, director, script, studio, follow-ups等

2. 學習掌握一些重點句子：

如：This was a film in which … real actors… P31

Instead of …

This was the moment when …took off. P31

When asked about the secret about …he owes…to…P32

After that it still took …before… P32

3. 學習、掌握關系副詞when,where.,why 引導的定語從句及介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句。

4. 通過本課訓練使學生能夠提高他們的閱讀理解能力，通過一些重點詞匯及短語掌握文章大意。

（二）情感態度

1. 通過學習課文，培養學生了解、尊重異國文化，體現國際合作精神。

2. 通過開展小組活動，指導學生積極與人合作，相互學習，相互幫助，培養其團隊精神。

（三）文化意識

1. 通過學習，了解國際著名導演史蒂芬 斯皮爾伯格。

2. 通過學習，了解世界著名影視文化，培養世界意識。

3. 通過中外影視文化對比，加深對中國影視文化的理解。

四。教具準備：

錄音機，電腦，屏幕及圖片。

五。 教學方法：

1.任務型教學法

學生學習本文時，我設計了一些任務，通過感知，體驗，參與合作等方式，使學生的主動地位得到充分體現。如：要求學生閱讀文章，回答問題，填寫表格等。

2.多媒體教學法

這一單元以影視為主題，利用多媒體展示影片相關圖片，幫助學生用自己的話概括主要內容，提高課堂教學效率，增強學生學習興趣。

六、教學步驟

Step one:Revision

1. check the words and expressions.

2. ask the students to explain the following words in English.

graduate work as play a role in

Step two: Pre-reading

此部分的關鍵在于讓學生了解如何制作電影，尤其是通過了解電影的制作而突出導演的重要作用。Task: To experience being a director （write one scene of the film and act it out）。

活動形式

1.師生互動：教師提問If you want to make a film, who do you need to invite?通過此問題引出電影制作過程中所需的各種角色，如photographer, actor/actress, editor, director等等

2.小組活動：

1）教師可設置這樣的討論題：What part would you like to play in making a film?根據選擇分組，讓他們討論選擇各角色的理由。同時討論各角色在電影制作中所做的不同工作。通過討論，學生不難發現，在電影的制作過程中，導演起了非常關鍵的作用。

2）根據所選的各種角色交叉分組，發揮各自的作用。

a. What would the scene be like and what happens in it?

b. Who are the main actors in that scene and what do they do?

c. Write a short dialogue and act it out

Step three: while--reading

本篇閱讀材料是人物傳記，介紹了著名導演Steven Spielberg 的成長經歷以及他的主要成就和作品。通過文章的學習，旨在了解西方的電影文化背景以及學習名導Steven Spielberg的那種對自己的事業堅持不懈、孜孜以求的精神。

活動形式：

1.小組活動（lead-in）

分別給出和斯皮爾伯格所執導的電影的幾幅圖片，引起學生的興趣，讓學生分組討論，預測文章的主題。

T: now, please discuss the pictures in groups then guess what is the text about?

A few minutes later, the teacher ask several students to report their answers.

2.個人活動（Listening）

讓學生聽錄音一遍，然后找出課文中所提及的五部影片的名字。

T: Who knows the names of the five films?

S:The five films are: Jaws, ET , Jurassic Park ,Schindler’s list, and Saving PrivateRyan.

T: You are correct.

3.個人活動（Skimming）

A.快速閱讀課文，按時間主線制作一個Steven Spielberg 的要事記

The teacher shows the years on the screen.

1946, 1968, 1959, 1975, 1982, 1993

T : let’s check the answer. I would like this group to answer these questions.

Sa: in 1946 Steven Spielberg was born in America.

Sb: in 1968 Steven Spielberg made his first real film.

Sc: in 1959 Steven Spielberg won a prize for a short film.

Sd: in 1975 Steven Spielberg he made one of his first films Jaws

Se: in 1982 Steven Spielberg made the film ET which was about creatures that come to the earth.

Sf: in 1993 he made the film Jurassic Park

B.快速閱讀課文的Para3—5 , 查找出有關這5部電影內容和主題的信息，并核對與自己猜想是否相符。

films

Information of the film

Jaws（1975）

About a big shark that attacks and eat swimmers

Et （1982）

About a little creature comes from outer space

Jurassic （1993）

About an island where a very rich man keeps dinosaurs.

Schindler’s list（1993）

About The cruelty of war/a German who saves Jewish people from being killed in the war.

Saving private ryan（1998）

About the cruelty of war/an American leads his team to search for a soldier named Ryan.

3.個人活動（ Scanning）

閱讀并查找有關Spielberg的信息：

When and where was he born?

When did he start making films?

What did he use to make films at first? and later?

What was his dream?

What did he study?

When and with what did his career take off?

What does Spielberg owe his success to?

Step four: Post-reading

該部分可分成兩塊，其中第二塊內容可以提前到閱讀中去完成，也可在讀后總結，當學生讀完影片內容時，可以根據自己的理解寫出五部影片的內容是什么（寫嘗試應用定語從句，體驗定語從句的結構）。第一塊（Questions）中第1,3,5三個問題比較難，從文中直接找不到答案，也是學生理解上需要升華的部分。可以通過分組，讓學生討論來理解這幾個問題。讓學生領會以下幾點：1）、英語作為工具的重要性 2）、不懈努力、持之以恒 3）、成功需要家人的支持，合作、互助精神。

T: let’s turn to page 32, part 1.work in pairs and answer the five questions:

1. Why did Spielberg study English instead of the film?

2. Why were the people who saw the film Jaws were afraid to swim in the sea?

3. How important is his family to Spielberg’s career?

4. What was Spielberg’s dream?

5. What have you learn from reading about?

Step four: Homework

1.Preview the reading Not One Less on page34

2. Make sentences with the following words:

（1）career （2）role （3） owe （4） award （5）accept

七、教學評價

根據《國家英語新課程標準》對外語教學評價的原則，對學生的評價應堅持形成性評價和終結性評價并重的原則，既關注結果（教學過程中忘記考試），更關注過程。在英語教學過程中更多地關注學生英語學習的過程、關注形成性評價，應重視形成性評價對學生英語學習的交流，對學生的書面作業、口頭回答、演講、朗誦等課外學習行為和學生的學習能力、學習態度、參與程度、合作精神等做出評價。形成性評價包括學生相互評價和學生自我評價等方式，應對學生的認知、情感、技能等方面給予綜合評價，以幫助學生樹立自信心、培養學生的學習能力和幫助學生確定合理的學習目標和使用恰當的學習策略。

形成性評價應采取多種評價方式，包括口頭的、書面的、表格形式的，還可以建立學生個人學習檔案。

高一英語說課稿（三）

一、教材的地位及作用

高中英語新教材的風格走勢為話題時尚，面對未來，求異思維和人文色彩濃重，教學內容更加貼近現代生活，具有較強的時代信息，有利于提高學生的思想素質和人文素質，而本單元也是如此，本單元的中心話題是幽默，具體涉及"什么是幽默"、"笑話"、"喜劇"、"喜劇職業"等，它采用了學生十分感興趣的話題，能夠充分喚起學生的參與欲望，單元內容高度生活化，富有活力，體現了本套教材的一個重要特征，緊扣時代脈博，富有時代氣息，學生在學過Healthy eating、Festivals Mordern agriculture 等單元，對中外飲食習慣，節日，以及農業差異有所了解之后，又對文化方面有所掌握，并為下一單元body Lang uagt（身體語言）打下了幽默的基礎，本單元結在鼓勵學生自主探索，了解祖國的燦爛文化，理解外國的文化，培養他們跨文化交際的意識與能力。

2、教學目標

根據英語教學大綱要求，基礎教育英語課程分級總體目標的要求，將本節課的教學目標分為：

（一）語言技能目標

通過本單元學習，培養學生良好的"聽、說、讀、寫"技能，使學生能運用所學知識中一些類似的問題，并能結合所給任務，綜合運用新知識，解決問題，完成任務，在此基礎上鼓勵學生大膽地根據各自的語言基礎與能力，有個性地解決問題。

（二）語言知識目標

本單元要求學生除掌握必要的單詞、詞組和句型以外，同時要求學生關于描述工作性質的語言，包括詞組和句型。

（三）情感目標

1、激發并提高學生學習英語的興趣，使其樂于接受新鮮事物，勇于嘗試；體現課堂教學主體者的身份，使其積極主動參與教學各環節，成為學習的主人；使其具有個性培養其創造能力。

2、培養同學之間融洽相處的感情，樂于合作的精神，善與人分享喜好的情感，培養正確的審美觀和價值觀。

3、教學重難點

本節課的主要目的是訓練學生的聽、說能力，為此將本節課的教學重點定為訓練學生通過聽覺獲取材料細節的能力，難點為對所給話題進行開放性的討論。

二、教材處理

1、學生狀況分析及對策

高一學生經過一學期的正規訓練，對于新教材已有所熟悉，聽力、口語都有很大提高，已經初步具備觀察問題、分析問題和解決問題的能力，教材內容和教學活動符合他們的年齡特征和心理發展特點，因此，本單元鮮活的事例必定會對他們有較強的感染力，但由于他們的思想還不夠成熟，想法和行為需要教師的正確引導，因此，我在涉及聽、說、讀、寫等語言技能的活動中，加強學生對某種職業的情感了解，從語言和情感兩方面著手，創設機會讓學生表達他們的感受。

2、教學內容組織與安排

由于本節課涉及warming up listening和speaking 三項內容，時間較為緊張，為此我將warming up的時間縮短，使其起到引入新課的作用，speaking中教材要求采訪丑角，我將其改動為采訪三位著名的不同喜劇類型，不同國家的職業笑星，使學生充分了解到不同幽默和不同文化之間的差異，增強了他們的采訪興趣。

三、教學方法

在教法上追求自然輕松，體現教學方法的多樣性、藝術性，具體采用教學方法有情景教話，直觀圖片，激情聯想等多樣形式，營造人與語言，人與文化合諧自然；人景相趣的語言環境。

四、教學手段

在教學中和任務設計中不經意卻是有意識地將多媒體電腦等揉在其中，并特別注意這些東西在課堂上的有效使用，體現其輔助作用。

五、教學程序

1、新課導入

本節課導入采用事先讓學生準備一個幽默小笑話，做為morning report ,并詢問：why did you laugh? Do you think it’s funny?用大屏幕展現幾幅各種幽默形式的圖片，從而引出本單元的主題Humor.

（本節課導入先播放趙本山的幾組圖片，讓三名同學表演其英語版的小品《賣拐》，并詢問：who is he? Why did you laugh? Do you think it’s funny?）用大屏幕展現幾幅各種幽默形式的圖片，從而引出本單元的主題Humor.

2、Warming up

觀看大屏幕上圖片，總結一些幽默類型，并詢問學生"In what other performances do you enjoy humor?" （你還在其它哪種幽默演出中欣賞到幽默從而讓學生在心中構建一個Lexical chunk,使學生了解幽默的各種形式，引出其中的一種形式—繞口令，設計讓學生以競賽形式快速朗誦，這部分目的有兩個，一是呈現本單元的中心話題幽默，二是培養學生的語感。

3、Listening階段

在聽力教學中利用教材中的圖片，組織學生看圖說話，想像一個有趣的故事，在聽完材料后，完成教材上的練習，這樣形成前后呼應，即培養學生的想像能力，在他們心目中產生一個懸念，又能讓他們帶著任務去聽，提高聽的效果，及時提供反饋，有利于學生的自我評價，這階段主要采取三種活動形式。

（1）小組活動，每個小組經過組內協商確定圖片的排序，由組長開頭，每人根本前面所說的話和圖片上反映的內容接說一句話，發展故事，并記錄在紙上，整理和修改故事。

（2）個人活動，通過聽錄音，將聽力細節材料記錄下來，并做教材上的練習。

（3）班級活動，各級朗讀自己的故事，師生共同評價，評出最有趣故事和與原文最接近故事。

4、Speaking 口語階段

這部分要求學生在學習對喜劇演員采訪的對話基礎上，完成對職業丑角的采訪。我設計了師生互動和生生互動，創設機會讓學生表達他們的感受。

（1）師生互動：交流對娛樂節目，喜劇小品和相聲及其演員的看法，提高他們對幽默的認識。

（2）班級討論：針對學生提到的某一個演員或喜劇小品進行分析，引入課文對話的一些語言和觀點。

（3）小組討論，接著前面的討論，各小組詳細討論，總結討論觀點，形成對三位幽默大師的采訪對話。

（4）各小組派人到前面表演對話。

5、總結。

由幾名同學總結討論喜劇演員以及他們的表演得出的結論，這不但能提高學生對喜劇表演的認識，而且有利于培養學生留心社會關注媒體的洞察力，而且引導學生為下一步閱讀作好思想準備。

6、Home work 在網上查詢有關幽默大師的資料。

以上就是我本次說課的內容。謝謝各位。